GB/T 44525-2024 无损检测 超声检测 树脂基复合材料制件对比试块规范

ICS19.100

CCSJ04

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T44525—2024

无损检测超声检测树脂基复合材料

制件对比试块规范

Non⁃destructivetesting—Ultrasonictesting—Specificationforresinmatrix

compositereferenceblock

2024⁃09⁃29发布2024⁃09⁃29实施

国家市场监督管理总局

发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T44525—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4设计·······················································································································3

5制作·······················································································································4

6检验·······················································································································9

7标记与使用············································································································10

8质量控制···············································································································10

附录A（资料性）参考反射体制作方法的选用···································································11

附录B（资料性）对比试块的使用··················································································12

附录C（资料性）C扫描显示检测阈值的确定···································································15

参考文献····················································································································17

Ⅱ

GB/T44525—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由全国无损检测标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC56）提出并归口。

本文件起草单位：上海飞机制造有限公司、上海材料研究所有限公司、中国商用飞机有限责任公

司、江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院、山东瑞祥模具有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：姜丽萍、张冬梅、肖鹏、蒋建生、丁杰、陈健、袁宇慧、张延兵、韩丽娜、万海涛、

魏玉龙。

Ⅲ

GB/T44525—2024

引言

超声检测试块主要分为两种类型，一种是用以评定和校准超声检测设备，具有规定的化学成分、表

面粗糙度、热处理及几何形状的标准试块；一种是与试件或被检材料声学特性相似、含有意义明确参考

反射体、用以调节超声检测仪的幅度和（或）时基线，以将所检出的不连续信号与已知反射体所产生的

信号相比较的对比试块。

当对比试块用于调节超声检测仪的幅度和（或）时基线，并与所检出的不连续信号相比较时，试块

内部设置意义明确的参考反射体；当对比试块仅用于调节超声检测仪的幅度和（或）时基线时，采用对

比试块底面作为参考反射体，即内部不含参考反射体的阶梯对比试块；对比试块也可仅用于与所检出

的不连续信号相比较，从而获得检测阈值，如对树脂基复合材料制件内部孔隙进行超声检测与评价时

所使用的孔隙率对比试块。

目前，复合材料广泛应用于体育器材、汽车制造、船舶重工及航空航天等领域。其中树脂基复合材

料是最为成熟、应用最为广泛的一类复合材料。但由于树脂基复合材料中的基体材料和增强材料种类

繁多、制造成型工艺多样，导致材料的声学特性差异较大，检测过程无法采用标准试块，因而直接采用

对比试块。

本文件充分考虑到已获得稳定应用的树脂基复合材料超声检测对比试块参考反射体的制作方法，

包括内埋法、边缘插片法、外贴法、平底孔法以及其他特殊方法，明确树脂基复合材料超声检测对比试

块要求，规范树脂基复合材料超声检测用对比试块的设计、制作和检验方法，指导树脂基复合材料结构

超声检测的实践。

Ⅳ

GB/T44525—2024

无损检测超声检测树脂基复合材料

制件对比试块规范

1范围

本文件规定了树脂基复合材料制件超声检测用对比试块的设计、制作、检验、标记和质量控制要求。

本文件适用于树脂基复合材料层合板（含R角）、板/板胶接结构、夹层结构等制件的超声检测用对

比试块的设计、制作、检验、标记和质量控制要求。树脂基复合材料其他无损检测方法的对比试块设

计、制作、检验、标记和质量控制参考执行。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

GB/T3365碳纤维增强塑料孔隙含量和纤维体积含量试验方法

GB/T9445无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证

GB/T20737无损检测通用术语和定义

3术语和定义

GB/T20737界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

板/板胶接laminate/laminatebonding

以层合板（3.4）与层合板（3.4）或其他板状材料通过胶粘剂粘合而成的一种层状复合结构。

3.2

参考反射体referencereflector

对比试块中已知形状、尺寸和距检测面距离的反射体。

3.3

参考回波referenceecho

来自规定的参考反射体（3.2）的回波。

[来源：GB/T12604.1—2020，5.4.4]

3.4

层合板laminate

由两层或多层同种或不同种材料压制而成的整体板材。

[来源：GB/T3961—2009，3.5.7]

3.5

分层delamination

层合复合材料（3.6）的层间分离现象。

[来源：GB/T40724—2021，5.90，有修改]

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