GB/T 9445-2024 无损检测 人员资格鉴定与认证

ICS

03.100.30;19.100

CCS

J04

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T9445—2024/ISO9712：2021

代替GB/T9445—2015

无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证

Non-destructivetesting—Qualificationandcertificationofpersonnels

（ISO9712：2021，Non-destructivetesting—Qualificationandcertificationof

NDTpersonnel，IDT）

2024-09-29发布2024-09-29实施

国家市场监督管理总局发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T9445—2024/ISO9712：2021

目次

前言

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Ⅲ

1

范围

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1

2

规范性引用文件

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1

3

术语和定义

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1

4

缩略语

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5

5

职责

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6

5.1

通用要求

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6

5.2

认证机构

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6

5.3

授权的资格鉴定机构

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7

5.4

考试中心

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7

5.5

雇主

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5.6

报考人

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8

5.7

证书持有人

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5.8

主考人

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8

5.9

证明人

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8

6

资格鉴定等级

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9

6.1

1级

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6.2

2级

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6.3

3级

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7

合格条件

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10

7.1

通用要求

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7.2

培训

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7.3

工业NDT经历

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7.4

各个等级的视力要求

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12

8

考试

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12

8.1

总体要求

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12

8.2

1级和2级的考试内容和评分

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8.3

3级的考试内容和评分

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15

8.4

考试实施

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8.5

补考

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8.6

补充考试

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17

9

人员认证

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17

9.1

管理

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17

9.2

证书

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17

Ⅰ

GB/T9445—2024/ISO9712：2021

9.3

认证条件

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17

9.4

其他认证机构所颁发的证书

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18

10

延期

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19

11

重新认证

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19

11.1

通则

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19

11.2

1级和2级

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19

11.3

3级

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12

档案

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13

过渡时期

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21

附录A（规范性）门类

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22

A.1

通则

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22

A.2

产品门类

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22

A.3

工业门类

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22

附录B（规范性）用于1级和2级实践操作考试的试样的类型和最低数量要求

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23

附录C（规范性）用于1级、2级、3级延期和3级重新认证的结构化信用积分系统

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24

C.1

通则

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24

C.2

无损检测活动实施

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25

附录D（规范性）实践操作考试要素评分

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26

D.1

1级和2级实践操作考试要素评分的百分权重指南

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26

D.2

2级笔试评分

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D.3

3级主要方法考试F项权重

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附录E（资料性）无损检测工程

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29

E.1

概述

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E.2

覆盖活动的不完全列表

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29

附录F（资料性）特殊技术培训要求

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30

F.1

总则

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30

F.2

特殊技术推荐增加的培训天数

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30

F.2.1总则

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30

F.2.2认证的有效性

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30

F.3

推荐射线检测（RT）特定技术推荐增加的培训天数

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31

F.3.1总则

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31

F.3.2有效性

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F.3.3胶片技术转变为数字技术增加的培训要求

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32

附录G（资料性）心理测量学准则

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33

参考文献

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34

Ⅱ

GB/T9445—2024/ISO9712：2021

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则

第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件代替GB/T9445—2015《无损检测

人员资格鉴定与认证》，与GB/T9445—2015相比，

除结构调整和编辑性改动外，主要的技术变化如下：

a）增加了申请人、认证周期、认证过程、认证要求、能力、考试、考试要素、高等教育、无损检

测人员、心理测试过程、证明人、结构化信用积分系统、结构化的工业经历程序、工作活动的

术语和定义（见3.1、3.7、3.8、3.9、3.10、3.12、3.14、3.17、3.26、3.32、3.35、3.43、

3.44、3.46）；更改了基础考试要素、通用考试要素、主要方法考试要素、实践操作考试要

素、重新认证、考试试样的术语和定义（见3.3、3.16、3.21、3.31、3.34、3.41，2015年版的

3.2、3.10、3.14、3.22、3.35、3.30）；

b）增加了独立性、公开认证计划和说明、考试中心考试、非固定场所考试、认证、培训机构、授

权主考人、监督、确认高等教育经历、证明人、结构化信用积分系统、报考人年龄的要求[见

5.2.2b）、d）、i）、j）、l）、o）、q）、r）、s）、t）、u）、v）、w）、x）、y）]；更

改了培训课程的要求[见5.2.2e），2015年版的5.2.2b）]；

c）增加了授权资格鉴定机构、考试中心的批准监管[见5.3f）、h），2015年版的5.3.1]；

d）删除了考试中心的部分要求[见2015年版的5.4.1f）]；

e）删除了雇主参加资格鉴定考试的要求（见2015年版的5.5.2）；

f）更改了报考人的报考要求（见5.6，2015年版的5.6）；

g）增加了主考人的要求（见5.8）；

h）增加了证明人的要求（见5.9）；

i）更改了经雇主授权后3级人员职责（见6.3.2，2015年版的6.3.2）；

j）增加了理论学习采用远程学习、自学或组合的方式（见7.2.2）；

k）更改了最低培训要求（见表2，2015年版的表2）；

l）增加了泄漏检测、磁粉检测、超声检测、射线检测中特殊技术培训要求（见表2）；

m）更改了报考人的最低工业经历要求（见表3，2015年版的表3）；

n）更改了各个等级的视力要求（见7.4，2015年版的7.4）；

o）增加了心理测试准则（见8.1.1）；

p）增加了考试要素（见8.1.2）；

q）增加了考试时间（见8.1.3）；

r）更改了通用考试试题的最低数量要求（见8.2.1，2015年版的8.2.1）；

s）增加了实践操作考试评分的科目和权重（见8.2.5.2）；

t）删除了考试的允许时间（见2015年版的8.2.3.8）；

u）删除了1级和2级资格鉴定考试的评分（见2015年版的8.2.4）；

v）增加了补充考试的要求（见8.6）；

w）删除了考试豁免的要求（见2015年版的8.6）；

x）更改了证书的要求（见9.2，2015年版的9.2）；

y）更改了认证条件的要求（见9.3，2015年版的9.3）；

z）增加了使用结构化信用积分系统方式申请延期的要求（见10.2）；

aa）更改了使用结构化信用积分系统方式申请3级重新认证的要求（见11.3.2，2015年版的

11.3.2）；

Ⅲ

GB/T9445—2024/ISO9712：2021

ab）删除了“EN473、GB/T9445—2008和本文件之间的过渡”的要求（见2015年版的第

14章）；

ac）增加了复合材料产品门类和实施要求（见A.2）；

ad）更改了用于1级和2级实践操作考试的试样类型和最低数量要求（见附录B，2015年版的

附录B）；

ae）更改了用于1级、2级、3级延期和3级重新认证的信用积分系统的要求,增加了NDT活动实施的

要求（见附录C，2015年版的附录C）；

af）更改了1级和2级实践操作考试的百分权重，更改了2级作业指导书考试的百分权重指南（见附

录D，2015年版的附录D）。

本文件等同采用ISO9712：2021《无损检测

无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证》。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由全国无损检测标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC56）提出并归口。

本文件起草单位：上海材料研究所有限公司、中国合格评定国家认可中心、中国特种设备检验协

会、中国特种设备安全与节能促进会、中国特种设备检测研究院、生态环境部核与辐射安全中心、中车

戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所股份有限公司、钢研纳克检测技术股份有限公司、雁栖湖基础制造技术研究

院（北京）有限公司、中国船级社实业有限公司重庆分公司、国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司、

上海市机械工程学会科技咨询服务部。

本文件主要起草人：蒋建生、蔡宇、张华、杨志伟、郑晖、胡安中、万升云、丁杰、王森、

季敬元、王莹赟、赵旭东、张建卫、鄢飞、滕健、张广新、纳日苏、雷友刚、吴刚。

本文件及其所代替文件的历次版本发布情况为：

—1988年首次发布为GB/T9445—1998，1999年第一次修订，2005年第二次修订，2008年第三次

修订，2015年第四次修订；

—本次为第五次修订。

Ⅳ

GB/T9445—2024/ISO9712：2021

无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证

1范围

本文件规定了采用以下工业无损检测（NDT）方法实施人员资格鉴定与认证的要求。

a）声发射检测；

b）涡流检测；

c）泄漏检测（不包括水压试验）；

d）磁粉检测；

e）渗透检测；

f）射线检测；

g）应变检测；

h）热成像检测；

i）超声检测；

j）视觉检测（不含直接视觉检测以及应用其他无损检测方法时所采用的视觉检测）。

本文件规定的体系也能适用于其他无损检测方法或已界定为无损检测方法的某种新技术，但前提是

制定一个完整的认证方案，并且这一方法或技术已制定了国际、区域或国家标准，或者这一新的无损检

测方法或技术已被证明是有效的且令认证机构满意。

注1：术语“工业”是指医学领域应用之外的领域。

注2：CEN/TR14748给出了无损检测资格鉴定方法的指导。

注3：本文件规定的是对第三方合格评定方案的要求。这些要求不直接适用于第一方或第二方的合格评定，但也可

参考本文件的相关部分。

注4：术语“直接视觉检测”是指观察者眼睛与检测区域之间有连续不间断光路，观察者不使用工具或设备（例如

反射镜、内窥镜、光纤等）而进行的检测。

注5：不包括基于其他无损方法的应变计算。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

ISO/IEC17024：2012合格评定人员认证机构通用要求（Conformityassessment—Generalre﹘

quirementsforbodiesoperatingcertificationofpersons）

注：GB/T27024-2014合格评定人员认证机构通用要求（ISO/IEC17024：2012，IDT）

ISO18490：2015无损检测无损检测人员视力评价（Non﹘destructivetesting—Evaluationof

visionacuityofNDTpersonnel）

注：GB/T40117-2021无损检测无损检测人员视力评价（ISO18490：2015，IDT）

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

1