GB/T 44131-2024 燃料电池电动汽车碰撞后安全要求

ICS

43.020

CCS

T09

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T44131—2024

燃料电池电动汽车碰撞后安全要求

Post-crashsafetyrequirementforfuelcellelectricvehicle

2024-05-28发布2024-05-28实施

国家市场监督管理总局发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T44131—2024

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

1

范围

··································································································

1

2

规范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

术语和定义

···························································································

1

4

测量参数、单位、准确度和分辨率

···································································

2

5

安全要求

······························································································

3

5.1

通则

······························································································

3

5.2

碰撞后CHSS安全要求

··········································································

3

5.3

防触电保护要求

·················································································

4

5.4

其他要求

·························································································

4

6

4

试验程序······························································································

6.1

试验前车辆准备

·················································································

4

6.2

碰撞试验

·························································································

4

7

5

试验方法······························································································

7.1

CHSS碰撞后燃料泄漏测试方法

·································································

5

7.2

碰撞后封闭空间或半封闭空间气体浓度测试

····················································

7

7.3

滑车试验

·························································································

8

7.4

冲击试验

·························································································

9

A（）

10

附录资料性压力和温度传感器核查程序······················································

A.1

样车检查

·······················································································

10

A.2

温度传感器准确度核查

········································································

10

A.3

10

温度与压力关系准确度核查···································································

参考文献

································································································

11

Ⅰ

GB/T44131—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中华人民共和国工业和信息化部提出。

（SAC/TC114）。

本文件由全国汽车标准化技术委员会归口

：、、

本文件起草单位襄阳达安汽车检测中心有限公司中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司丰田汽车

（中国）投资有限公司、北汽福田汽车股份有限公司、现代汽车研发中心（中国）有限公司、东风汽车

、、(）、、

集团股份有限公司上汽大通汽车有限公司中汽研汽车检验中心天津有限公司同济大学中国

第一汽车股份有限公司、广州汽车集团股份有限公司、长城汽车股份有限公司、深蓝汽车科技有限公

司、北京亿华通科技股份有限公司、招商局检测车辆技术研究院有限公司、中国重型汽车集团有限公

司、中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：李强红、兰昊、王丹、许诺、刘永亮、于敏、刘桂彬、何云堂、谢潇、

史建鹏、刘毅、王青贵、朱海涛、郑天雷、侯永平、柳邵辉、韩令海、曾繁波、李普明、陈明、刘昱、

吴少华、陈金锐、张国强、杨超、梁乔丹、孟祥菊、李伟聪。

Ⅲ

GB/T44131—2024

燃料电池电动汽车碰撞后安全要求

1范围

本文件规定了燃料电池电动汽车碰撞后的特殊安全要求，描述了相应的试验方法。

70MPaMN

本文件适用于使用压缩气态氢且车载氢系统公称工作压力不超过的类和类燃料电池电

。

动汽车

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

GB11551汽车正面碰撞的乘员保护

GB/T15089机动车辆及挂车分类

GB17578

客车上部结构强度要求及试验方法

GB/T18385

电动汽车动力性能试验方法

GB/T19596

电动汽车术语

GB20071

汽车侧面碰撞的乘员保护

GB20072

乘用车后碰撞燃油系统安全要求

GB/T24548燃料电池电动汽车术语

GB/T24549—2020燃料电池电动汽车安全要求

GB26512—2021商用车驾驶室乘员保护

GB/T26990燃料电池电动汽车车载氢系统技术条件

GB/T31498—2021电动汽车碰撞后安全要求

GB38032—2020电动客车安全要求

ISO6487:2015道路车辆碰撞试验中的测量技术装备（Roadvehicles—Measurementtech﹘

niquesinimpacttests—Instrumentation）

3术语和定义

GB/T19596、GB/T24548、GB/T24549—2020、GB/T26990、GB/T15089界定的以及下列

术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

主关断阀mainshut-offvalve

用来关断从储氢气瓶向下游供应氢气的阀。

[来源：GB/T24549—2020，3.1，有修改]

3.2

封闭空间或半封闭空间enclosedorsemi-enclosedspaces

车辆内有可能暴露于储氢气瓶的空间和可能聚集氢气的环境空间、区域。

注：如乘员舱、行李舱、货舱或前舱盖下方的空间等均为封闭空间或半封闭空间。

[来源：GB/T24549—2020，3.4，有修改]

1

GB/T44131—2024

3.3

公称工作压力nominalworkingpressure；NWP

在基准温度（15℃）下，储氢气瓶内气体压力达到完全稳定时的限充压力。

[来源：GB/T24549—2020，3.5，有修改]

3.4

压缩氢气储存系统compressedhydrogenstoragesystem；CHSS

由储氢气瓶（组）、安全泄压装置和用于将存储的氢气与燃料系统的其余部分及其环境隔离开的关

闭装置组成的燃料电池车辆存储氢气的装置。

注：见图1中粗实线部分。

图1压缩氢气储存系统参考示意图

4测量参数、单位、准确度和分辨率

试验测量参数的有关要求见表1。

表1测量参数、单位、准确度和分辨率要求

测量参数单位准确度分辨率

时间s±0.10.1

温度℃±1.50.1

压力MPa±0.450.01

氢气体积分数%±0.20.01

氦气体积分数%±0.150.01

2

GB/T44131—2024

5安全要求

5.1通则

5.1.1M1类、N1类车辆

M1类、N1类车辆按6.2.1、6.2.2、6.2.3规定的试验方法进行正面碰撞、侧面碰撞和后面碰撞试

验，试验后应满足5.2、5.3和5.4的要求。

5.1.2M2类、M3类、N2类、N3类车辆

5.1.2.1M2类、M3类、N2类、N3类车辆的CHSS的安装要求如下。

a）CHSS的主关断阀位于距车辆最前端向后420mm的垂直平面之后，并且储氢气瓶不应位于车辆

最外部。

b）CHSS的主关断阀位于距车辆两侧车身最外端向内200mm的垂直平面之间，并且储氢气瓶不应

位于车辆最外部。若C