GB 20006-2005 木工机床安全 镂铣机

ICS79.120.10

.T65场昌

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB20006-2005

木工机床安全镂铣机

Safetyofwoodworkingmachines-Singlespindle

handfed/integratedfedroutingmachines

2005-12-01发布2006-07-01实施

中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局

中国国家标准化管理委员会发布

GB20006-2005

目次

前言··························································，·················································……lu

1范围······························································。·······································……1

2规范性引用文件······················································.········……1

3术语和定义························································································……2

4危险一览表···································································································‘…7

5安全要求和/或措施··········································································...……8

5.1控制和指令装置···。·································································……8

5.1.1控制系统的安全性和可靠性·············································‘·········……8

5.1.2操纵器的位置····················································································……9

5.1.3起动···············，··········································································……9

5.1.4正常停止··········。····。············································································，··…10

5.1.5急停··································································································……11

5.1.6模式选择·····························································································……11

5.1.7转速改变··························································································……11

5.1.8机械进给·······················································································，·······……11

5.1.9动力源故障···············································································.·……11

5.1.1。控制电路故障·······································································.·……11

5.2机械危险的防护························································································……12

5.2.1稳定性····································································································……12

5.2.2运转中的断裂危险··············································································……12

5.2.3刀夹和刀具的结构··································································...……，，.12

5,2.4制动·····································································································……13

5.2.5将抛射的可能性和影响降低到最小的装置···············································，····……14

5.2.6工件的支承和导向·····················································.··14

5.2.7移动零部件危险的防护·····························································.·······……16

5.2.8安全防护装置特性······························································，············.········……17

5.2.9自动化和机械化········································································……17

5.2.10夹紧装置······················································································……17

5.3非机械危险的检验······························································……17

5.3.1火和爆炸····································································，·····················，····……17

5.3.2噪声··················。·················································································……17

5.3.3木屑、粉尘和有害气体的排放····················································.·.··……18

5.3.4电气设备·······················，·····································································……18

5.3.5人类工效学和安全搬运的要求···························································……18

5.3.6照明·······························································································……18

5.3.7气动装置··························································································，·……18

5.3.8液压装置································································································……18

5.3.9热危险·····································································································……18

r

GB20006-2005

5.3.10危险材料······························································································……18

5.3.11振动·····································································································……18

5.3.12辐射··································································································……18

5.3.13激光·························································································，·····……18

5.3.14静电·······················，···················································‘···················……19

5.3.15装配误差··············································································……19

5.3.16能量输送的切断···························································……19

5.3.17维修···································································································……19

6使用信息···································································································……19

6.1警告装置····································································································……19

6.2标志···，·····································································································……19

6.3使用说明书··································································································……19

附录A(规范性附录)噪声测量时机床的工作(运转)条件·······································……21

A,1一般要求················，······································································……21

A.2噪声测量··························································································……22

A.3机床噪声测量数据单······································……，……22

附录B(资料性附录)安全工作方法······························································……26

B,1一般要求·································································································……26

B.2操作者的培训·························································································.……26

B.3稳定性···································································································……26

B.4机床的安装和调整···················································································……26

B,5工件的导向···························································································……26

B.6旋转方向和速度选择········，······························································……26

B.7机床的运转、防护装置的选择和调整································································……27

B.8在工件全长上铣削的直线加工······································，··························……27

B.9间断直线加工····································································.··..·...。·……，27

B.10成型加工··············································································。·········一27

B.11顺铣削····································································································……27

B.12附件和自动化····，··························································..··.·..……，……，……27

GB20006-2005

月吐吕

本标准的第3章、6.3p)中第2和4分项及附录B是推荐性的，其余为强制性的

本标准修改采用欧洲标准EN848-2;1998《木工机床安全刀具旋转的单面铣床第2部分:手动

进给/机动进给的单轴镂铣机》，在标准的技术内容上与EN848-2:1998基本一致，增加了机床空运转噪

声声压级限值。

本标准自实施之日起，JB5724-1991《木工镂铣机结构安全》作废

本标准的附录A是规范性附录

本标准的附录B是资料性附录。

本标准由中国机械工业联合会提出。

本标准由全国木工机床与刀具标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC84)归口。

本标准由福州木工机床研究所负责起草

本标准主要起草人:郑宗鉴、郑莉、王喜宏。

本标准首次发布

GB20006-2005

木工机床安全镂铣机

范围

本标准规定了木工镂铣机的安全技术要求。

本标准适用于手动进给和机械进给的木工镂铣机(以下简称机床)

本标准不适用于手提式和台式木工镂铣机及CNC和NC木工镂铣机。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有

的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准，然而，鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究

是否可使用这些文件的最新版本凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本标准

GB/T3770-1983木工机床噪声声功率级的测定

GB/T3767-1996声学声压法测定噪声源声功率级反射面上方近似自由场的工程法

GB/T3768-1996声学声压法测定噪声源声功率级反射面上方采用包络测量表面的简易法

GB4208-1993外壳防护等级(IP代码)

GB5013.1-1997额定电压450/750V及以下橡皮绝缘电缆第1部分:一般要求

GB5023.1-1997额定电压450/750V及以下聚氯乙烯电缆第1部分:一般要求

GB5226.1-2002机械安全机械电气设备第1部分:通用技术条件(IEC60204-1:2000,

IDT)

GB12557-200。木工机床安全通则

GB14048.4-2003低压开关设备和控制设备机电式接触器和电动机起动器

GB14048.5-2001低压开关设备和控制设备第5-1部分:控制电路电器和开关元器件机电

式控制电路电器

GB/T15706.1-1995机械安全基本概念与设计通则第1部分:基本术语、方法学

GB/T15706.2-1995机械安全基本概念与设计通则第2部分:技术原则与规范

GB/T16755-1997机械安全安全标准的起草与表述规则

GB/T18831-2002机械安全带防护装置的联锁装置设计和选择原则

GB18955-2003木工刀具安全铣刀、圆锯片

JB6113-1992木工机用刀具安全技术条件

JB/T6359-1992木工镂铣机精度

ISO3743-1:1994声学噪声源的声功率级测定混响场中小的、可移动的声源工程法第1部

分:硬围墙的实验室的比较法

ISO3743-2:1994声学噪声源的声功率级测定混响场中小的、可移动的声源工程法第2部

分:专用棍响室的方法

ISO3745:2003声学噪声源声功率级的测定消声室和半消声室的精密法

ISO4871:1996声学机器与设备的噪声发射值的声明与检验

ISO11202:1995声学机器与设备发射的噪声操作者位置和其他特定位置上声压级测定的简

易法工地简易法

ISO11204:1995声学机器与设备发射的噪声操作者位置和其他特定位置上声压级测定的简

易法环境修正的方法

GB20006-2005

ISO/TR11688-1;1995声学低噪声机械与设备的推荐设计方法第1部分:计划

EN982:1996机械安全流体动力系统和部件的安全要求液压装置

EN983:1996机械安全流动体力系统和部件的安全要求气动装置

术语和定义

以下术语和定义适用于本标准，推荐给于采用

3卜1一般术语和定义

3.1.1

镂铣机routingmachine

是一种“C'，型机身的机床工件的铣削通过:

—一个装在工作台上方的刀具主轴，转速一般为8000r/min-20000r/min。有的加工头可以

倾斜，但加工时是固定的;

—用于支承工件或仿形夹具的工作台，有的可倾斜和/或沿X.Y及Z方向移动和/或绕C轴

调整;

—有的刀具主轴通过手动或液压(气动)装置可作上、下移动。工件进给可以是手动或机械进给

3.1.2

直线加工straightwork

工件加工时，其一个面与工作台接触，另一面与导向板接触，加工从工件的一端开始，连续到另一端

(见图1)a

3.1.3

间断直线加工stoppedstraightwork

工件长度上一部分的加工(见图2)0

加工面

图1直线加工

加工面

图2间断直线加工

成型加Sshapedwork

在一工件表面或边缘进行的曲线加工。

注:这可通过将工件装在一夹具上来实现。夹具的底面是一模板。模板与刀具正下方的工作台中间的导向销紧贴

夹具与销接触并沿销移动。这样，照模板的形状，在工件上加工出相同的形状(见图3和图4)0

GB20006-2005

在装有工件机械进给系统的机床上，模板置于夹具下方，夹具由驱动辊驱动作回转移动(见图5)

图3成型加工

靠模或模板