GB/T 37719.4-2024 粮油储藏 储粮害虫检验辅助图谱 第4部分：蛀食性害虫（象甲科、豆象科、长蠹科、长角象科、麦蛾科）

ICS67.060

CCSB20

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T37719.4—2024

粮油储藏储粮害虫检验辅助图谱

第4部分：蛀食性害虫（象甲科、豆象科、

长蠹科、长角象科、麦蛾科）

Grainandoilstorage—Assistantatlasofstoredgraininsectpests—

Part4：Borerinsectpests（Curculionidae，Bruchidae，Bostrychidae，

Anthribidae，Gelechidae）

2024⁃10⁃26发布2025⁃05⁃01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

国家标准化管理委员会发布

GB/T37719.4—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4害虫种类·················································································································1

5检验环境与工具········································································································1

6鉴别特征和图示········································································································2

6.1象甲科（Curculionidae）的基本特征···········································································2

6.2豆象科（Bruchidae）的基本特征················································································2

6.3长蠹科（Bostrychidae）的基本特征············································································3

6.4长角象科（Anthribidae）的基本特征···········································································4

6.5麦蛾科（Gelechiidae）的基本特征··············································································5

6.6象甲科的虫种特征和图示······················································································6

6.6.1玉米象SitophiluszeamaisMotschulsky································································6

6.6.2米象Sitophilusoryzae（Linnaeus）·······································································7

6.6.3谷象Sitophilusgranarius（Linnaeus）·······························································8

6.7豆象科的虫种特征和图示······················································································9

6.7.1菜豆象Acanthoscelidesobtectus（Say）··································································9

6.7.2豌豆象Bruchuspisorum（Linnaeus）···································································10

6.7.3蚕豆象BruchusrufimanusBoheman···································································11

6.7.4鹰嘴豆象Callosobruchusanalis（Fabricius）··························································12

6.7.5绿豆象CallosobruchuschinensisLinnaeus····························································13

6.7.6四纹豆象Callosobruchusmaculatus（Fabricius）·····················································15

6.7.7灰豆象Callosobruchusphaseoli（Gyllenhal）··························································15

6.7.8巴西豆象Zabrotessubfasciatus（Bohenman）·························································16

6.8长蠹科的虫种特征和图示·····················································································17

6.8.1谷蠹Rhyzoperthadominica（Fabricius）·······························································17

6.8.2大谷蠹Prostephanustruncatus（Horn）·································································18

6.9长角象科的虫种特征和图示··················································································19

6.9.1咖啡豆象Araecerusfasciculatus（DeGeer）···························································19

6.10麦蛾科的虫种特征和图示···················································································20

6.10.1麦蛾SitotrogacerealellaOliver·······································································20

Ⅰ

GB/T37719.4—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件为GB/T37719《粮油储藏储粮害虫检验辅助图谱》的第4部分。GB/T37719已发布以

下部分：

——第1部分：拟步甲科；

——第2部分：锯谷盗科、扁谷盗科；

——第3部分：书虱科；

——第4部分：蛀食性害虫（象甲科、豆象科、长蠹科、长角象科、麦蛾科）。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由国家粮食和物资储备局提出。

本文件由全国粮油标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC270）归口。

本文件起草单位：河南工业大学、南京财经大学。

本文件主要起草人：王殿轩、白旭光、周玉香、唐培安、王艳艳、白春启、赵超、白月亮、吕建华、

曾芳芳、张蒙、赵欣欣。

Ⅲ

GB/T37719.4—2024

引言

储粮害虫检验辅助图谱属于图谱类基础标准范畴。储粮昆虫种类众多，个体微小、近似种类多，不

易识别，根据不同害虫种类或类群、危害方式、习性等采取防控对策，准确鉴定虫种很有必要。为适应

实践中对粮油储藏中发生的害虫人工鉴定和机器视觉图像识别，满足储粮害虫及防治领域的信息化发

展需求，制定GB/T37719《粮油储藏储粮害虫检验辅助图谱》。根据储粮昆虫不同的物种和主要习

性，GB/T37719拟由以下4部分组成。

——第1部分：拟步甲科。

——第2部分：锯谷盗科、扁谷盗科。

——第3部分：书虱科。

——第4部分：蛀食性害虫（象甲科、豆象科、长蠹科、长角象科、麦蛾科）。

GB/T37719的发布，对储粮安全、储粮技术配套水平提升和行业技术人员技能提高提供了标准依

据。蛀食性害虫（象甲科、豆象科、长蠹科、长角象科、麦蛾科）是可蛀食危害储粮的害虫类群，常对储藏

原粮造成危害，且容易引进后期性害虫，有些种类还是我国禁止入境的危险性害虫。本文件的制定能

为准确鉴定种类提供科学的依据。

Ⅳ

GB/T37719.4—2024

粮油储藏储粮害虫检验辅助图谱

第4部分：蛀食性害虫（象甲科、豆象科、

长蠹科、长角象科、麦蛾科）

1范围

本文件给出了储粮中常见的象甲科、豆象科、长蠹科、长角象科、麦蛾科昆虫虫种的检验环境与工

具、鉴别特征和图示。

本文件适用于储粮中常见象甲科、豆象科、长蠹科、长角象科、麦蛾科成虫鉴别的辅助参考。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

GB/T37719.1粮油储藏储粮害虫检验辅助图谱第1部分：拟步甲科

GB/T37719.2粮油储藏储粮害虫检验辅助图谱第2部分：锯谷盗科、扁甲科

GB/T37719.3粮油储藏储粮害虫检验辅助图谱第3部分：书虱科

3术语和定义

GB/T37719.1、GB/T37719.2、GB/T37719.3界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

蛀食性害虫borerinsectpests

以成虫或（和）幼虫蛀入粮粒内部取食危害的储粮害虫。

3.2

下口式hypognathoustype

口器着生于头部下方，头部纵轴和身体的纵轴几乎成直角或倾斜状。

3.3

外咽缝gularsuture

昆虫头部后头区后颊相向延伸形成的缝。

4害虫种类

本文件包括具有蛀食性生活习性的储粮害虫5个科中的15个虫种，分别是：象甲科中的玉米象、

米象、谷象；豆象科中的绿豆象、豌豆象、蚕豆象、四纹豆象、巴西豆象、菜豆象、鹰嘴豆象、灰豆象；长蠹

科中的谷蠹、大谷蠹；长角象科中的咖啡豆象；麦蛾科中的麦蛾。

5检验环境与工具

虫种检验环境与工具应符合GB/T37719.1的相关规定。

1