GB/T 15822.1-2024 无损检测 磁粉检测 第1部分：总则

ICS

19.100

CCS

J04

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934﹘1:2016

代替GB/T15822.1—2005

无损检测磁粉检测第1部分：总则

Non﹘destructivetesting—Magneticparticletesting—Part1:Generalprinciples

(ISO9934-1:2016,IDT)

2024-09-29发布2024-09-29实施

国家市场监督管理总局

发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934﹘1:2016

目次

前言

Ⅲ

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引言

Ⅳ

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1

范围

1

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2

规范性引用文件

1

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3

术语和定义

1

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4

人员资格鉴定与认证

1

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5

安全与环境

2

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6

检测规程

2

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7

表面准备

2

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8

磁化

2

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8.1

通用要求

2

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8.2

磁化验证

3

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8.3

磁化技术

3

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9

检测介质

9

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9.1

介质性能与选择

9

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9.2

检测介质检测

9

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9.3

检测介质施加

9

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10

观察条件

9

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11

综合性能检测

9

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12

显示记录与解释

9

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13

退磁

10

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14

清洗

10

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15

检测报告

10

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附录A（资料性）

各种磁化技术中达到规定切向磁场强度所需电流的计算示例

11

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A.1

概述

11

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A.2轴向通电（8.3.2.1和图1）

11

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A.3触头通电（8.3.2.2、图2和图3）

11

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A.4感应电流（8.3.2.3和图4）

11

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A.5穿过导体（8.3.3.1和图5）

12

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A.6近体导体（8.3.3.2、图6和图7）

12

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A.7刚性线圈（8.3.3.5和图10）

12

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A.8柔性电缆绕制线圈（8.3.3.6和图11）

12

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A.9波形（表A.1）

13

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参考文献

14

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Ⅰ

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934﹘1:2016

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件是GB/T15822《无损检测磁粉检测》的第1部分。GB/T15822已经发布了以下3个

部分：

—第1部分：总则；

—第2部分：检测介质；

—第3部分：设备。

本文件代替GB/T15822.1—2005《无损检测磁粉检测第1部分：总则》，与GB/T15822.1—

2005相比，除结构调整和编辑性改动外，主要技术变化如下：

a）更改了安全与环境要求（见第5章，2005年版的第5章）；

b）更改了检测工艺规程（见第6章，2005年版的第6章）；

c）更改了磁化一般要求（见8.1，2005年版的8.1）；

d）更改了磁化验证（见8.2，2005年版的8.2）；

e）增加了磁化技术的总体要求（见8.3.1）；

f）更改了便携式电磁体（磁轭）的设备要求（见8.3.3.4，2005年版的8.3.2.4）；

g）更改了刚性线圈的工件规格要求（见8.3.3.5，2005年版的8.3.2.5）；

h）删除了观察条件对彩色介质和荧光介质的规定（见2005年版的10.1和10.2）；

i）更改了退磁要求（见第13章，2005年版的第13章）。

本文件等同采用ISO9934﹘1：2016《无损检测磁粉检测第1部分：总则》。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由全国无损检测标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC56）提出并归口。

本文件起草单位：上海锅炉厂有限公司、上海材料研究所有限公司、中国特种设备检测研究院、

江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院、杭州市特种设备检验科学研究院（杭州市特种设备应急处置中

心）、广东省特种设备检测研究院。

本文件主要起草人：尹逊玉、蒋建生、朱宇龙、潘强华、李绪丰、丁杰、唐光勇、马向东、王磊、

张佩铭、许雷辉。

本文件于1995年首次发布，2005年第一次修订，本次为第二次修订。

Ⅲ

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934﹘1:2016

引言

磁粉检测是无损检测常规方法之一，广泛应用于机械、冶金、航天、航空、石油、船舶、铁道等领

域的铁磁性材料及产品的表面和近表面缺陷。

GB/T15822旨在规范开展磁粉检测活动。GB/T15822拟由3个部分构成。

—第1部分：总则。目的在于规定磁粉检测的总体要求。

—第2部分：检测介质。目的在于规定磁粉检测产品（包括磁悬液、干磁粉、载液和反差增强

剂）的主要特性及其性能核查方法。

—第3部分：设备。目的在于规定用于磁粉检测设备的性能、实用性方面的最低要求和测量特定

参数的方法。

本文件是GB/T15822的第1部分。本次对GB/T15822.1—2005进行修订，明确且细化被检工件

的表面准备、磁化技术、检测介质的要求与施加、检测结果的记录与解释的要求，促进磁粉检测规范

化，保障产品质量及服役安全具有重要的意义。

Ⅳ

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934﹘1:2016

无损检测磁粉检测第1部分：总则

1范围

本文件规定了铁磁性材料磁粉检测总则。磁粉检测主要用于检测表面开口的不连续，尤其是裂纹。

磁粉检测也能检测近表面的不连续，但其灵敏度随深度增加而迅速降低。

本文件规定了被检工件的表面准备、磁化技术、检测介质的要求与施加、检测结果的记录与解释。

本文件未涉及验收准则。对于特殊工件磁粉检测的附加要求，由产品标准规定。

本文件不适用于剩磁法。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

ISO3059无损检测渗透检测和磁粉检测观察条件（Non﹘destructivetesting—Penetranttest﹘

ingandmagneticparticletesting—Viewingconditions）

注：GB/T5097—2020无损检测渗透检测和磁粉检测观察条件（ISO3059:2012，IDT）

ISO9934﹘2无损检测磁粉检第2部分：检测介质（Non﹘destructivetesting—Magnetic

particletesting—Part2:Detectionmedia）

注：GB/T15822.2—2024无损检测磁粉检测第2部分：检测介质（ISO9934﹘2:2015，IDT）

ISO9934﹘3无损检测磁粉检测第3部分：设备（Non﹘destructivetesting—Magneticparticle

testing—Part3:Equipment）

注：GB/T15822.3—2024无损检测磁粉检测第3部分：设备（ISO9934﹘3:2015，IDT）

ISO12707无损检测磁粉检测术语（Non﹘destructivetesting—Magneticparticle

testing—Vocabulary）

注：GB/T12604.5—2020无损检测术语磁粉检测（ISO12707:2016，IDT）

EN1330﹘1无损检测术语第1部分：通用术语表（Non﹘destructivetesting—Terminology—Part1:

Generalterms）

EN1330﹘2无损检测术语第2部分：无损检测方法专用术语（Non﹘destructivetesting—Termino﹘

logy—Part2:Termscommontonon﹘destructivetestingmethods）

3术语和定义

ISO12707、EN1330﹘1和EN1330﹘2界定的术语和定义适用于本文件。

4人员资格鉴定与认证

磁粉检测由具有能力并通过资格认证的人员承担。建议根据ISO9712或其他等效文件对人员进行资

格认证。

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