GB/T 17045-2006 电击防护 装置和设备的通用部分

ICS29.120.99

C67荡黔

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T17045-2006/IEC61140:2001

代替GB/T17045-1997

电击防护装置和设备的通用部分

Protectionagainstelectricshock-

Commonaspectsforinstallationandequipment

(IEC61140:2001，IDT)

2006-03-06发布2006-08-01实施

中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局

中国国家标准化管理委员会发布

GB/T17045-2006/IEC61140:2001

目次

前言·········。·······，·······························································································……m

I范围····，····················································，，················································……1

2规范性引用文件······，··················，··················，，················，，，················，·，，，，·······……1

3术语和定义························································‘·················，··················，········……2

4电击防护的基本规则················，·······································································…·…8

4.1正常条件································，，·······················································，，，·······……8

4.2单一故障条件.··‘······，·····························……8

4.2.1采用两个独立的防护措施·········，，······················，················，··························…·…9

4.2.2采用加强的防护措施···················，····························，·································……9

4.3特殊情况···········，······················，·························，，·······································……9

5防护措施(防护措施的要素)··。，，，，，，···，··············，·，··········4····、，，，········一·9

5.1基本防护措施·········，···················，·······································、·······，················……9

5.1.1基本绝缘·······，··················································，，·······································……9

5.1.2遮栏或外壳····································································，······，············】·····……10

5.1.3阻挡物································，···················，，········，···································……10

5.1.4置于伸臂范围之外····················，··················，，··············，，······，········，，，·，····‘……10

5.1.5电压限制····················，·············································································……10

5.1.6稳态接触电流和电荷的限制···················，····················································…·…10

5.1.7电位均衡··············，········，·······························································，，·······……11

5.1.8其他措施···········，·················，，，，····················，···，，·····-···········，··，·，···……11

5.2故障防护措施···································································，，··‘······················……n

5.2.1附加绝缘······································································，··························……11

5.2.2保护等电位联结·········。·········，························，··············································一·11

5.2.3保护屏蔽···············4········，···········、，·，，·，··，···‘·，，··，，，，····‘··········，··……12

5.2.4高压装置和系统中的指示和分断，·，·····················，······················，················、····……12

5.2.5电源的自动切断··························································································……12

5.2.6简单分隔(回路之间卜······················································，··························，··…13

5.2.7非导电环境······························……·‘···························，······························，一13

5.2.8电位均衡·································，，···········，·，，，，··············，，····、··············，······……13

5.2.9其他措施····················，··············，··················，·········································，··……13

5.3加强的防护措施···，························································································……13

5.3.1加强绝缘······························································································……13

5.3.2回路之间的保护分隔，····，····，····，·····‘·····，·····················，，···············，·······……13

5.3.3限流源·································-·······················‘······，········，，··············，··，·····……13

5.3.4保护阻抗器················································································，··············……14

5.3.5其他措施·············，········································。········································……14

6防护措施······················································“···············‘·“··，·，·，，……14

6.1采用自动切断电源的防护················-····················、，············，·，，·························……14

T

GB/T17045-2006/IEC61140:2001

6.2采用双重的或加强绝缘的防护······································，··...····……14

6.3采用等电位联结的防护···················································································…·…14

6.4采用电气分隔的防护·································，·，·················，·································……14

6.5采用非导电环境的防护(低压).··············································…·…，，.…，...……，..…，二15

6.6采用SELV防护·······················，·，·······································，···············，········……15

6.7采用PELV防护··················································································，·······……15

6.8采用限制稳态接触电流和电荷的防护···················································，，·············……15

6.9采用其他措施的防护，······················································································……15

7电气装置内的电气设备及其防护措施的配合···········································，················……15

7.1。类设备·································································，····································……15

7.1.1绝缘·······································································································……16

7,2工类设备.·16

7,2.1绝缘·········································································································……16

7.2.2保护等电位联结···········································································，··············……16

7.2.3绝缘材料可触及的表面部分···········································.··········……，……16

7.2.4保护导体的连接·········································································，················……16

7.3且类设备·······，·················，···········································································……16

7.3.1绝缘·········································································································……16

7.3.2保护联结···································································································一·17

7.3.3标志·········································································································……17

7.4班类设备···············································，····················································……17

7,4.1电压·········································································································……17

7.4.2保护联结··········································，························································……17

7.4.3标志·······················································································，··················一·17

7.5接触电流、保护导体电流、泄漏电流····································································……18

7.5.1接触电流·································································································……18

7.5.2保护导体电流····························································································，，·…18

7.5.3其他要求··································································································……19

7.6高压装置的安全和最小间距以及警示标牌·································，··························……19

8特殊操作和维护条件······，···················································································……19

8.1预期用手操作的器件和更换的部件································································，···……19

8.1.1低压装置、系统和设备中预期由一般人员操作的器件或更换的部件························……19

8.1.2预期由熟练技术人员或受过培训的人员操作的器件或更换的部件·············，·············……19

8.2隔离后的电气数据··························································································，·…20

附录A(资料性附录)实现防护措施一览表·······························································……21

附录B(资料性附录)7.5.2.2a)和7.5.2.26)中的保护导体电流的最大交流限值···············……23

GB/T17045-2006/IEC61140:2001

月U舌

本标准等同采用IEC61140:2001(第3版)((电击防护装置和设备的通用部分))(英文版)。

本标准代替GB/T17045-1997《电击防护装置和设备的通用部分》。

标准的章条编号与IEC61140:2001完全一致。鉴于IEC61140:2001附录C是按英文字母排序的

定义索引，不符合我国情况，因此在采用时予以删除。

本标准与GB/T17045-1997相比，其文本结构和技术内容都有较大改动。

根据IECTC64在1999年的决定，将IEC60536:1976《电工电子设备防触电保护分类》和

IEC60536-2:1992《电工电子设备按电击防护分类第2部分:对电击防护要求的导则》两个标准并人

IEC61140:1997《电击防护装置和设备的通用部分))(第2版)。因此，本标准在技术内容上涵盖了采

用上述两个标准的国家标准GB/T12501-1990《电工电子设备防触电保护分类》和GB12501.2-1997

《电工电子设备按电击防护分类第2部分:对电击防护要求的导则》。

本标准由中国电器工业协会提出。

本标准由全国建筑物电气装置标准化技术委员会归口。

本标准起草单位:机械科学研究院、中国中轻国际工程有限公司。

本标准主要起草人:李世林、黄妙庆。

本标准所代替标准的历次版本发布情况为:

-GB/T17045-1997

GB/T17045-2006/IEC61140:2001

电击防护装置和设备的通用部分

范围

本标准适用于人和动物对电击的防护其目的在于给出电气装置、系统和设备通用的，或对它们之

间在配合上需要的基本原则和要求。

本标准对于装置、系统和设备的电压没有限制。

注:在本标准中，有些条款涉及到低压和高压系统、装置和设备。本标准的低压是指交流不超过t000v或直流不

超过1500V的额定电压。高压是指交流超过1000v或直流超过1500v的额定电压

本标准规定的要求，只适用于被编人或被引用到相关标准中的那些要求本标准不是要作为一个

独立的标准来使用

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其后的所有

修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准然而，鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究

是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本标准。

GB/T3805-1993特低电压(ELV)限值(eqvIEC61201:1992)

GB4208-1993外壳防护等级UP代码)(eqvIEC60529:1989)

GB/T5465.2电气设备用图形符号(GB/T5465.2-1996,idtIEC60417:1994)

GB9706.1-1995医用电气设备第1部分:安全通用要求(idtIEC60601-1:1988)

GB9706医用电气设备(所有部分)[idtIEC60601(所有部分)〕

GB16895.3-2004建筑物电气装置第5-54部分:电气设备的选择和安装接地配置、保护导

体和保护联结导体(idtIEC60364-5-54:1980)

GB16895.12-2001建筑物电气装置第4部分:安全防护第44章:过电压保护第443节:

大气过电压或操作过电压保护(idtIEC60364-4-443:1995)

GB16895.21-2004建筑物电气装置第4部分:安全防护第41章:电击防护(idtIEC60364

4-41:2001)

GB/T16895.23-2005建筑物电气装置第6-61部分:检验—初检(IEC60364-6-61:2001,

IDT)

GB16935.1-1997低压系统中设备的绝缘配合第一部分原则、要求和试验(idtIEC60664-1

1992)

IEC60050(131)国际电工词汇(IEV)第131章:电路和磁路

IEC60050(195):1998国际电工词汇(IEV)第195部分:接地与电击防护及其1号修订(2001)

IEC60050(351):1998国际电工词汇第351部分:自动控制

IEC60050(826):1982国际电工词汇第826章:建筑物电气装置及其2号修订(1995)

IEC60071-1:1993绝缘配合第1部分:定义、原则和规则

IEC60071-2:1996绝缘配合第2部分:应用导则

IEC60446:1999人机界面标志识别的基本和安全的原则导体的颜色和数字标识

IEC60479-1:1994电流通过人体和家畜的效应第1部分:常用部分

IEC60721(所有部分)，环境条件的分类

IEC60990:1999接触电流和保护导体电流的测试方法

CB/T17045-2006/IEC61140:2001

ISO/IEC导则51:1999安全方面标准中含有安全条款的准则

IEC导则104:1997安全出版物的编制和基础安全出版物以及群组安全出版物的应用

术语和定义

根据本标准的用途采用以下术语和定义:

电击electricshock

电流通过人体或动物躯体而引起的生理效应。

[IEV195-01-041

基本防护basicprotection

无故障条件下的电击防护。

[IEV195-06-011

注:对于低压装置、系统和设备，其基本防护通常对应于GB16895.21的直接接触防护

3.1.2

故障防护faultprotection

单一故障条件下的电击防护。

[IEV195-06-021

注:对低压装置、系统和设备而言，其故障防护通常对应于GB16895.21的间接接触防护，主要与基本绝缘损坏

有关。

3.2

(电气)回路(electrical)circuit

电流能流过设置的器件或传导介质

[IEV131-01-011

注:也可见有关建筑物电气装置的IEV826-05-01

3.3

(电气)设备(electrica)lequipment

用于发电、变电、输电、蓄电、配电或利用电能的设备，例如电机、变压器、电器、检测仪器、保护器件、

布线系统附件、用电器具。

[IEV826-07-01，修订后的]

3.4

带电部分livepart

正常运行中带电的导体或可导电部分，包括中性导体，但按惯例不包括PEN导体、PEM导体或

PEI，导体。

[IEV195-02-19]

注1:本概念不意味着有电击危险。

注2:关于PEM和PEI的定义，见IEV195-02-13和195-02-14

3.5

危险带电部分hazardous-live-part

在某些条件下能造成伤害性电击的带电部分。

[IEV195-06-05习

注:在高压情况下，在固体绝缘的表面有可能出现危险电压.在这种情况下的绝缘表面就被认为是危险的带电部分。

z

GB/T17045-2006/IEC61140:2001

外礴可导电部分exposed-conductive-part

设备上能触及到的可导电部分，它在正常情况下不带电，但是在基本绝缘损坏时会带电。

[IEV195-06-10]

注电气设备的可导电部分仅在同已变成带电体的外露可导电部分接触时才能变成带电体时，该可导电部分不被

认为是外露