GB/T 20112-2006 电气绝缘结构的评定与鉴别

ICS29.080.30

K15巧

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T20112-2006/IEC60505:1999

电气绝缘结构的评定与鉴别

Evaluationandqualificationofelectricalinsulationsystems

(IEC60505:1999,IDT)

2006-02-15发布2006-06-01实施

中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局发布

中国国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T20112-2006/IEC60505:1999

目次

前言······，·····，·························································，········································……m

引言···········································‘·····································································……IV

1范围························································，······················································……1

2规范性引用文件·······································，，·······················································……1

3术语和定义···························································································，··········……1

3.1一般术语···，········，···························，························································……1

3.2与运行应力和老化相关的术语······················，·····································…·……‘2

3.3与试验相关的术语························································································……3

4老化—概述···································································································……4

5评定方法的制定································································································……6

5.1制定评定方法的要素·······················································································……6

5.2现有评定方法的有效性····················································································……7

6鉴别EIS的功能性评定方法··············································································，··……7

6.1一般考虑··············································，·················································，·····……7

6.2评定规程的分类··············································································，··············……7

6.3实际考虑······································································，······························……8

7功能性老化试验·，······，································································，···········，··········……9

7.1试品···························，············································，，········，··，······················……9

7.2试验条件·····································································································……9

7.3EIS运行寿命的确定·········································································，·············……10

8老化······························································································，················……10

8.1概述·································································································……10

8.2老化机理的评估·············································································……10

8.3加速老化···································································································……11

8.4应力水平··············，······，··········································································，····，……12

8.5分周期的时间和数量············································································……13

8.6老化分周期··························································································……13

9预诊断处理······························································，·······································……13

10诊断·······································································································，，···……13

10.1诊断试验—终点标准·················································································……13

10.2附加的特定试验·····················································································……14

11数据分析······································································································……14

11.1概述············································t········································……14

11.2运行经验·····························································································……14

11.3电··········································································································……14

11.4热····························································，···········，·························……14

11.5机械·················································，·····································，·················……14

11.6环境····················································································，············，···……14

I

GB/T20112-2006/IEC60505:1999

一

11.7多因子，·····.……

12试验报告················，一·

一

13EIS代码

附录A(资料性附录)检查清单

一

附录B(资料性附录)流程图二

参考文献，……，·.·.……，.……，二

GB/T20112-2006/IEC60505:1999

flti吕

本标准等同采用IEC60505:1999《电气绝缘结构的评定与鉴别))(第二版，英文版)。

本标准在技术内容上与IEC60505,1999(第二版，英文版)无差异。为便于使用，本标准作了下列

编辑性修改:

a)删除了国际标准的前言;

b)第2章中“IEC60216:(所有部分)，确定固体有机材料的耐热性”改为“IEC60216(所有部分)

确定电气绝缘材料耐热性的导则”;

C)删除第2章中“工EC60216-3”段末的脚注;

d)删除11.6和11.7中的“附录C提供更多的信息。”(因原IEC60505中无附录C);

e)把参考文献中的“IEC60085”改为“GB/T110210(eqvIEC60085:1984)

本标准中的附录A和附录B是资料性附录。

本标准由中国电器工业协会提出。

本标准由全国旋转电机标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC26)归口

本标准负责起草单位:上海电器科学研究所(集团)有限公司。

本标准参加起草单位广州电器科学研究院、上海电缆研究所、南阳防爆电气研究所、上海电动工具

研究所、浙江金龙电机股份有限公司、吴江市巨峰漆业有限公司。

本标准主要起草人:朱玉珑、张生德、邵爱风、陈斌、包海蓉、王达显、陆顺平、叶锦武、徐伟宏。

本标准为首次制定。

GB/T20112-2006/IEC60505:1999

引言

电气设备的运行寿命通常由其电气绝缘结构(EIS)的寿命来确定。EIS的寿命受电、热、机械、环境

应力单一作用或综合作用的影响。

预期、估计或已证明的运行寿命时间是用来描述EIS寿命的基本参数。在电气工程的早期，寿命

图是很含糊的。绝缘在热应力下的寿命限值是某些运行中设备老化效应的主要指标之一。随着EIS

使用经验的增加，已认识到有必要选用满足制造工艺要求的特定材料，以能达到所需运行寿命并便于预

测设备的耐热能力。

IEC60085把许多最高工作温度值标准化，并列出相应温度(等级)的绝缘材料，这些温度等级为

EIS所用时将“确保大范围设备的绝缘具有经济的寿命”。

目的很明确，即以(运行)经验或试验并按时间量化绝缘结构寿命为基础来鉴别绝缘结构。已公认

完全基于热应力的方法的局限性，并要求改进寿命概念。当许多正在生产的新合成材料不是十分符合

现有的热分级时，改进寿命概念的要求，和不可能每次都使用IEC60085中材料表的情况，促使全世界

共同努力来改善局面。这就要努力完善本标准，本标准为对设备负责的IEC技术委员会(ETC)制定满

足要求的标准和技术文件的导则。

开发和设计EIS时确定预期寿命是基本任务。必须确定EIS估计运行寿命的理由是:

—新EIS投产时的型式试验;

—生产的质量保证;

—维护时估计剩余寿命。

GB/T20112-2006八EC60505:1999

电气绝缘结构的评定与鉴别

范围

本标准确立了评估电气绝缘结构(EIS)在电、热、机械、环境应力条件下或多因子应力条件下老化

的依据。

本标准规定了为确定特定绝缘结构预期运行寿命而制定EIS功能性试验和评定的规程时应遵循

的原则和程序。

本标准括用千对含有EIS的设备负责的所有IEC技术委员会(ETC),

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有

的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准，然而，鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究

是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本标准

IEC60216(所有部分)确定电气绝缘材料耐热性的导则

IEC60216-3电气绝缘材料耐热性第3部分:耐热特性的计算指南

IEC60493-1老化试验数据的统计分析导则第1部分:基于正态分布试验结果平均值的方法

IEC60727-1电气绝缘结构耐电性的评定第1部分:一般考虑和基于正态分布的评定规程

IEC60727-2电气绝缘结构耐电性的评定第2部分:基于极值分布的评定规程

IEC61356电气绝缘结构的功能性评定对比试验不可行时的试验规程原则

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本标准。

3.1一般术语

3.1.1

电气绝缘结构electricalinsulationsystem(EIS)

用于电气设备的与导电部分结合在一起的含有一种或多种电气绝缘材料(EIM)的绝缘组合

3.1.2

电气绝缘材料electricalinsulatingmaterial(EIM)

EIS中承受电应力的组分。

3.1.3

基准EISreferenceEIS

以已知运行经验的记录或公认的对比功能性评定为基础进行评定并确定了的EIS,

3.1.4

待评EIScandidateEIS

为确定运行能力(电、热、机械、环境或多因子)在评定中的EIS.

3.1.5

预期寿命intendedlife

运行条件下EIS的设计寿命

GB/T20112-2006/IEC60505:1999

3.1.6

估计寿命estimatedlife

如负责机构或技术委员会确定的，根据运行经验或(和)按适合的评定规程求得的试验结果所得到

的期望运行寿命。

3.1.7

评定evaluation

确定运行要求和寿命数据之间的关系，寿命数据可根据运行经验分析或功能性试验结果得到。

3.2与运行应力和老化相关的术语

3.2.1

“老化’，应力`a‘gein扩stress

电、热、机械或环境因素对EIS的作用，可引起其性能变化。

3.2.2

影响因子factorofinfluence

由运行、环境或试验的条件所产生的影响EIS寿命的应力

3.2.3

运行条件serviceconditions

电气设备特定应用中预期的影响因子和工作制的组合口

3.2.4

基准运行条件referenceoperatingconditions

设备的运行条件，功能性试验规程的试验条件与其有关。

3.2.5

运行要求servicerequirements

电气设备的规定影响因子、预期性能和工作制

3.2.6

运行经验serviceexperience

运行期间EIS无论失效与否的定量记录和/或定性记录。

3.2.7

老化ageing

由于一个或多个影响因子作用而引起的EIS性能的不可逆变化

注:若环境条件变化则某些变化(例如水解变化)可能部分可逆

3.2.8

老化因子ageingfactor

引起老化的影响因子。

3.2.9

内在老化intrinsicageing

由老化因子作用引起的EIS基本性能的不可逆变化

3.2.10

外在老化extrinsicageing

老化因子对EIS中非本征缺陷作用引起的EIS性能不可逆变化的效应。

3.2.11

相互作用interaction

与影响因子单独作用于独立试品时的老化效应相比，两个或以上影响因子综合作用引起的老化类

GB/T20112-2006/IEC60505:1999

型或老化程度的变化。

12.12

直接相互作用directinteraction

影响因子同时施加时产生的相互作用，与影响因子按序施加时相比有差异。

注:产生直接相互作用的所有因子未必是老化因子

3.213

间接相互作用indirectinteraction

影响因子同时施加时产生的相互作用，与影响因子按序施加时相比无差异。

与试验相关的术语

:_:

功能性试验functionaltest

能得到EIS在规定条件下适应能力信息的规程

3.3.2

试品testobject

用于功能性试验的含EIS的原设备、设备的模型、组件或部件。

3.3.3

加速老化acceleratedageing

影响因子施加的水平和/或频率高于正常运行条件所产生的结果

3.3.4

加速试验acceleratedtest

为缩短试验时间采用加速老化的功能性试验。

3.3.5

预诊断处理prediagnosticconditioning

在诊断试验之前给EIS施加可变或固定的应力。

3.3.6

诊断因子diagnosticfactor

为确定HIS老化程度所施加的可变或固定的应力。

3.3.7

诊断试验diagnostictest

给试品周期性地施加规定水平的诊断因子以测定是否已达到终点标准

3.3.8

终点标准end-pointcriterion

功能性试验中用来定义EIS终点寿命的性能或性能变化的选定值。

3.3.9

“试验”周期t“est"cycle

按序或同时施加的一个或多个影响因子和诊断因子周期性地反复施加于EIS的时间跨度。

3.3.10

分周期subcycle

施加影响因子和诊断因子的整个周期中的规定分段

3.3.11

监控试验monitoringtest

为确定老化对试样连续施加和测量规定水平的诊断因子。

GB/T20112-2006/IEC60505:1999

4老化—概述

老化被定义为由于一个或多个影响因子作用引起的EIS性能的不可逆变化。老化应力既可引起

内在老化也可引起外在老化。在大多数EIS中外在老化占主导地位，因为实际上，EIS包含某些缺陷和

污染物。图1为老化基本过程的示意图。