GB/T 5526-2024 动植物油脂 相对密度的测定

ICS

67.200.10

CCS

X14

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T5526—2024

代替GB/T5526—1985

动植物油脂相对密度的测定

Animalandvegetablefatsandoils—Determinationofrelativedensity

2024-10-26发布2025-05-01实施

国家市场监督管理总局发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T5526—2024

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

1

范围

··································································································

1

2

规范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

术语和定义

···························································································

1

4

数字密度计法（第一法）

············································································

1

4.1

原理

······························································································

1

4.2

仪器

······························································································

1

4.3

步骤

······························································································

1

4.4

计算

······························································································

1

4.5

精密度

···························································································

2

5

相对密度计（比重计）法（第二法）

································································

2

5.1

原理

······························································································

2

5.2

仪器

······························································································

2

5.3

步骤

······························································································

2

5.4

计算

······························································································

2

5.5

精密度

···························································································

3

6

密度瓶法（第三法）

·················································································

3

6.1

原理

······························································································

3

6.2

仪器

······························································································

3

6.3

步骤

······························································································

3

6.4

计算

······························································································

3

6.5

精密度

···························································································

4

7

密度计法（第四法）

·················································································

4

7.1

原理

······························································································

4

7.2

仪器

······························································································

4

7.3

步骤

······························································································

4

7.4

计算

······························································································

4

7.5

精密度

···························································································

5

附录A（资料性）

纯水密度

···········································································

6

Ⅰ

GB/T5526—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件代替GB/T5526—1985《植物油脂检验比重测定法》，与GB/T5526—1985相比，除结

构调整和编辑性改动外，主要技术变化如下：

—更改了文件的适用范围（见第1章，1985年版的第1章）；

—增加了数字密度计法作为第一法（见第4章），密度计法作为第四法（见第7章）；

—增加了原理（见5.1和6.1）；

—删除了“试剂”（见1985年版的1.2和2.2）；

—更改了部分操作步骤（见5.3和6.3，1985年版的1.3和2.3）；

—更改了计算方法和计算公式（见5.4和6.4，1985年版的1.4和2.4）；

—删除了液体比重天平法的双试验结果允许差（见1985年版的1.4）；

—增加了相对密度计（比重计）法和密度瓶法的精密度要求（见5.5和6.5）。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由国家粮食和物资储备局提出。

本文件由全国粮油标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC270）归口。

本文件起草单位：安徽省粮油产品质量监督检测站、国家粮食和物资储备局标准质量中心、天津市

食品安全检测技术研究院、广西壮族自治区粮油质量检验中心、合肥市食品药品检验中心、辽宁省粮食

和物资储备事务服务中心、江苏省粮油质量监测中心、山东省粮油检测中心、湖北省粮油食品质量监督

检测中心、昆明市粮油饲料产品质量检验中心、陕西省粮食质量安全中心、宁夏回族自治区粮油产品质

量检测中心、中储粮镇江质检中心有限公司、中粮粮油工业（巢湖）有限公司、益海嘉里金龙鱼粮油食

品股份有限公司、上海科茂粮油食品质量检测有限公司、安徽省公众检验研究院有限公司、中粮黄海粮

油工业（山东）有限公司、滁州市粮油质量检测服务中心。

本文件主要起草人：胡斌、徐广超、李旭、李永发、张黎利、梅寒、伍先绍、秦绍刚、范艺凡、黄伟、

毛永荣、任凌云、王瑞杰、倪姗姗、刘利、张继光、夏辉、张丽、张榴萍、潘坤、赵仕峰、郁海菲、

徐彦辉、卢伟东、刘树彤。

本文件及其所代替文件的历次版本发布情况为：

—1985年首次发布为GB/T5526—1985；

—本次为第一次修订。

Ⅲ

GB/T5526—2024

动植物油脂相对密度的测定

1范围

本文件描述了动植物油脂相对密度测定的数字密度计法、相对密度计（比重计）法、密度瓶法和密

度计法。

本文件适用于动植物油脂相对密度的测定。其中，第一法适用于液态、半固态动植物油脂相对密度

的测定；第二法、第三法、第四法适用于液态动植物油脂相对密度的测定。

2规范性引用文件

本文件没有规范性引用文件。

3术语和定义

本文件没有需要界定的术语和定义。

4数字密度计法（第一法）

4.1原理

采用U形管振荡法，将试样导入一端固定的U形管，利用激发装置使U形管以一定的特征频率振

荡。该振荡频率二次方的大小与U形管中试样的密度或相对密度呈线性关系。

4.2仪器

数字密度计应具有自动黏度修正及温度热平衡功能，准确度应符合：

—温度：（0±0.05）℃～（100±0.05）℃；

—相对密度：（0±0.0001）～（3±0.0001）。

如采用自动进样器，在检测温度范围内样品的黏度不大于35Pa·s。

4.3步骤

4.3.1测试前按仪器说明书的要求对仪器进行校正。

4.3.2液态油脂相对密度的测定：设置U形管温度为20℃，用注射器将试样均匀注入并充满洁净干燥

的U形管，温度平衡稳定在（20±0.05）℃，通过气泡检测功能或通过观察窗口确认U形管无气泡，当

20。

仪器稳定地显示出相对密度值时，记录该值d20

4.3.3半固态油脂相对密度的测定：根据试样产品标准规定的相对密度检测温度要求t（℃），设置

U形管温度。按试样的熔点预热熔解试样成液态，温度应不高于熔点5℃。待试样熔化后，用注射器将

试样均匀注入并充满洁净干燥的U形管，使温度平衡稳定在（t±0.05）℃，通过气泡检测功能或通过观

Ut。

察窗口确认形管无气泡，当仪器稳定地显示出相对密度值时，记录该值d20

4.4计算

按式（1）计算相对密度。

1