GB/T 34370.12-2024 游乐设施无损检测 第12部分：螺栓相控阵超声检测

ICS

97.200.40

CCS

Y57

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T34370.12—2024

游乐设施无损检测

第12部分：螺栓相控阵超声检测

Nondestructivetestingofamusementequipments—

Part12:Phase-arrayultrasonictestingmethodsforbolts

2024-08-23发布2024-12-01实施

国家市场监督管理总局发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T34370.12—2024

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

引言

·····································································································

Ⅳ

1

范围

··································································································

1

2

规范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

术语和定义

···························································································

1

4

检测原理

······························································································

2

5

安全要求

······························································································

2

6

人员要求

······························································································

2

7

检测设备和器材

······················································································

2

7.1

基本要求

·························································································

2

7.2

检测仪器

·························································································

3

7.3

探头

······························································································

3

7.4

超声检测仪器和探头的系统组合性能

···························································

3

7.5

试块

······························································································

3

7.6

耦合剂

···························································································

4

8

检测与评定

···························································································

4

8.1

通用检测工艺

····················································································

4

8.2

检测工艺卡

······················································································

4

8.3

检测前的准备

····················································································

4

8.4

检测实施

·························································································

5

8.5

评定

······························································································

5

9

检测记录与报告

······················································································

6

9.1

检测记录

·························································································

6

9.2

检测报告

·························································································

6

附录A（规范性）

螺栓相控阵超声检测对比试块要求

················································

7

A.1

对比试块1

·······················································································

7

A.2

对比试块2

·······················································································

7

Ⅰ

GB/T34370.12—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则

第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件是GB/T34370《游乐设施无损检测》的第12部分。GB/T34370已经发布了以下部分：

—第1部分：总则；

—第2部分：目视检测；

—第3部分：磁粉检测；

—第4部分：渗透检测；

—第5部分：超声检测；

—第6部分：射线检测；

—第7部分：涡流检测；

—第8部分：声发射检测；

—第9部分：漏磁检测；

—第10部分：磁记忆检测；

—第11部分：超声导波检测；

—第12部分：螺栓相控阵超声检测。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由全国索道与游乐设施标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC250）提出并归口。

本文件起草单位：中国特种设备检测研究院、硕德（北京）科技有限公司、广西壮族自治区特种设

备检验研究院、河南省特种设备检验技术研究院、武汉中科创新技术股份有限公司、清能博创（珠海）

科技有限公司、中建八局检测科技有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：沈功田、香勇、张鹏飞、鞠成伟、罗贞、张强、杨蕾璟、朱锡山、周立军、

张君娇、张勇、王子成、刘然、张琨、钟建峰、王知远、王宇云、刘广华。

Ⅲ

GB/T34370.12—2024

引言

无损检测是利用物质的热、声、光、电、磁等反应的变化，在不损害或不影响被检测对象使用性能

的前提下，探测、定位和测量其内部及表面的结构、状态及缺陷的类型、数量、形状、性质、位置、尺

寸、分布及变化，评价其性能和完整性。在游乐设施领域，无损检测技术作为保障其安全运行的关键技

术手段，重要性越来越高，建立专门、适用的游乐设施无损检测标准对游乐设施的安全发展具有重要

意义。

GB/T34370《游乐设施无损检测》是指导开展游乐设施无损检测工作的重要依据。GB/T34370旨在规

范游乐设施无损检测方法要求，引入新的无损检测技术，满足游乐设施制造和使用实际需要，保障游乐设施

安全质量，提升安全保障能力。

GB/T34370由12个部分构成。

—第1部分：总则。目的在于规定游乐设施无损检测的一般要求和使用原则。

—第2部分：目视检测。目的在于规定游乐设施的目视检测方法。

—第3部分：磁粉检测。目的在于规定游乐设施的铁磁性原材料、零部件和焊接接头表面、近表

面缺陷的磁轭法、线圈法及通电法磁粉检测方法及质量分级要求。

—第4部分：渗透检测。目的在于规定游乐设施非多孔性金属材料或非金属材料、零部件和焊接

接头的表面开口缺陷的渗透检测方法以及质量分级要求。

—第5部分：超声检测。目的在于规定游乐设施用金属原材料、零部件和焊接接头的超声检测方

法及质量分级和超声测厚方法要求。

—第6部分：射线检测。目的在于规定游乐设施的熔化焊对接接头的X射线和γ射线检测技术和质

量分级要求。

—第7部分：涡流检测。目的在于规定游乐设施金属构件母材和焊缝表面、近表面缺陷的涡流检

测方法和覆盖层厚度测量方法。

—第8部分：声发射检测。目的在于规定游乐设施金属构件的声发射检测及结果评定方法。

—第9部分：漏磁检测。目的在于规定游乐设施用外径不小于38mm、壁厚不大于20mm的钢管，

厚度不大于20mm的钢板，直径不小于6mm的钢丝绳、拉索等铁磁性材料构件的漏磁检测和结

果评价方法。

—第10部分：磁记忆检测。目的在于规定游乐设施铁磁性材料构件及焊缝、在一定条件下具有磁

性的奥氏体不锈钢构件及焊缝磁记忆检测和结果评定方法。

—第11部分：超声导波检测。目的在于规定游乐设施壁厚为4mm~80mm的金属板（含槽钢、方

形梁），直径为16mm~2000mm、壁厚为2mm~80mm的钢管，直径为12mm~185mm的钢

丝绳和拉索，直径为16mm~80mm的拉杆等构件超声导波检测和结果评定方法。

—第12部分：螺栓相控阵超声检测。目的在于规定游乐设施用外径不小于10mm且不大于

100mm，长度不大于1000mm的钢制螺栓裂纹缺陷的相控阵超声检测及结果评定方法。

Ⅳ

GB/T34370.12—2024

游乐设施无损检测

第12部分：螺栓相控阵超声检测

1范围

本文件描述了游乐设施螺栓裂纹缺陷的相控阵超声检测及结果评定方法。

本文件适用于游乐设施用外径不小于10mm且不大于100mm，长度不大于1000mm的钢制螺栓的

原位超声检测。游乐设施用轴（销轴），索道和其他机械设备用钢制螺栓、轴（销轴）的相控阵超声检

测参照执行。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

GB/T12604.1

无损检测

术语

超声检测

GB/T20306

游乐设施术语

GB/T34370.1

游乐设施无损检测

第1部分：总则

GB/T34370.5

游乐设施无损检测

第5部分：超声检测

GB/T41114

无损检测

超声检测

相控阵超声检测标准试块规范

GB/T42399.1

无损检测仪器

相控阵超声设备的性能与检验

第1部分：仪器

GB/T42399.2

无损检测仪器

相控阵超声设备的性能与检验

第2部分：探头

GB/T42399.3

无损检测仪器

相控阵超声设备的性能与检验

第3部分：组合系统

3术语和定义

GB/T12604.1、GB/T20306、GB/T34370.1、GB/T34370.5界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于

本文件。

3.1

环向平面阵列circumferentialplanararray

同一平面上多个晶片沿周向排列形成一个单层环形的平面阵列探头。

3.2

环向扫描circumferentialscan

激励声束的孔径中心环绕探头中心步进，声束动态聚焦于相应圆柱母线的声束扫描方式。

3.3

柱面B扫显示cylindricallyB-scanview

在与声束平行且与圆柱状被测工件扫查面垂直的圆周剖面所形成的声场图像，以颜色或灰度表示超

声信号幅度的显示方式。

3.4

环向C扫显示circumferentialC-scanview

在与螺栓扫查面平行的剖面所形成的声场图像，以颜色或灰度表示预设时间窗内超声信号幅度的显

1