DB43/T 2837.1-2023 在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则 第1部分：总则

ICS97.200.01

CCSY55

43

湖南省地方标准

DB43/T2783.1—2023

在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则

第1部分：总则

Guidelinesforsafetyassessmentofexistinglarge-scaleamusementrides

Part1:Generalrequriement

2023-11-09发布2024-02-09实施

湖南省市场监督管理局发布

DB43/T2837.1—2023

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

引言························································································································Ⅴ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4评估对象···············································································································2

5评估机构···············································································································2

5.1资质···············································································································2

5.2人员···············································································································2

5.3设备···············································································································3

5.4制度···············································································································3

6评估程序···············································································································3

6.1程序图············································································································3

6.2受理···············································································································3

6.3前期准备·········································································································3

6.4现场评估·········································································································3

6.5评估项目风险等级·····························································································4

6.6风险控制措施···································································································4

6.7整机安全评估···································································································4

6.8安全评估报告出具·····························································································4

7评估内容···············································································································4

7.1一般要求·········································································································4

7.2设备本体·········································································································4

7.3使用管理·········································································································4

8评估方法···············································································································5

8.1评估项目风险等级评定·······················································································5

8.2整机综合安全状况的评定····················································································7

9评估报告···············································································································8

附录A（资料性）在用大型游乐设施安全评估报告···························································9

附录B（资料性）使用管理评估项目、内容及要求·······················································14

参考文献··················································································································17

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DB43/T2837.1—2023

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DB43/T2837.1—2023

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件是DB43/T2837—2023《在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则》的第1部分。DB43/T2837—2023

包括以下部分：

——第1部分：总则；

——第2部分：滑行车类；

——第3部分：飞行塔类；

——第4部分：自控飞机类；

——第5部分：架空游览车类；

——第6部分：陀螺类；

——第7部分：转马类；

——第8部分：碰碰车类。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由湖南省市场监督管理局提出。

本文件由湖南省特种设备标准化技术委员会归口。

本文件起草单位：湖南省特种设备检验检测研究院。

本文件主要起草人：孙建、梁峻欣、周旭升、成浪、杨志勇、邱红勇、刘琪、董志勇、彭苗、梁志

善、贺宏、肖化明、蔡贝、陈家斌。

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DB43/T2837.1—2023

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DB43/T2837.1—2023

引言

大型游乐设施是人们休闲娱乐的重要载体，随着时代的进步，其安全状况逐渐成为社会公共安全的

重要组成部分。与设计使用期限内正常工作的大型游乐设施相比，发生过安全事故、故障频率高、遭受

过自然灾害等情况的大型游乐设施，风险隐患程度更高。开展有效的安全评估工作，为判断此类大型游

乐设施是否满足安全运行要求提供了重要的参考依据。

目前，我国大型游乐设施安全评估的程序、内容、要求和方法缺乏相关标准，大型游乐设施安全评

估活动不能系统、全面、有效地开展。

本文件从在用大型游乐设施设备本体及使用管理两方面着手，解决如何科学、系统、全面地评估设

备的安全性能，并提出降低风险程度的建议措施，弥补了安全评估行为规范的空白，为特种设备安全与

节能工作的实施开辟了新的途径，有着极大的经济效益和社会效益。

特种设备目录将大型游乐设施划分为13个类别，为了便于标准的使用、实施以及后续的补充完善，

按照类别进行标准起草。

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DB43/T2837.1—2023

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DB43/T2837.1—2023

在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则第1部分：总则

1范围

本文件规定了在用大型游乐设施安全评估的评估对象、评估机构、评估程序、评估内容、评估方法

与评估报告。

本文件适用于在用大型游乐设施的安全评估。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本

文件。

GB8408大型游乐设施安全规范

GB/T20306游乐设施术语

GB/T34371游乐设施风险评价总则

DB43/T2837.2—2023在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则第2部分：滑行车类

DB43/T2837.3—2023在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则第3部分：飞行塔类

DB43/T2837.4—2023在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则第4部分：自控飞机类

DB43/T2837.5—2023在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则第5部分：架空游览车类

DB43/T2837.6—2023在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则第6部分：陀螺类

DB43/T2837.7—2023在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则第7部分：转马类

DB43/T2837.8—2023在用大型游乐设施安全评估规则第8部分：碰碰车类

3术语和定义

GB/T20306、GB/T34371界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

大型游乐设施Large-scaleamusementrides

用于经营目的，承载乘客游乐的设施，其范围规定为设计最大运行线速度大于或者等于2m/s，或

者运行高度距地面高于或者等于2m的载人大型游乐设施。

[来源：GB/T20306—2017，2.2.1]

3.2

在用大型游乐设施existinglarge-scaleamusementrides

已投入使用的大型游乐设施。

3.3

安全评估safetyassessment

评估机构接受委托方委托，以实现大型游乐设施安全为目的，通过查找设备本体、使用管理等一个

或多个环节中存在的风险隐患，对其进行风险分析和评定，并提出合理可行的安全对策的活动。

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DB43/T2837.1—2023

3.4

风险隐患potentialrisk

设备本体、使用管理中存在的危险缺陷，如大型游乐设施设备的老化磨损或设备、管理活动中存在

的不符合规范标准要求的情况等。

3.5

风险等级levelofrisk

风险等级是指伤害的严重程度等级和伤害发生的概率等级，并由伤害的严重程度等级和伤害发生的

概率等级组合而成。

3.6

风险评估riskestimation

确定伤害可能到达的严重程度和伤害发生的概率。

[来源：GB/T34371—2017，定义3.6]

4评估对象

4.1本文件适用于具有以下情形之一的在用大型游乐设施：

a）发生一般等级以上事故的；

b）故障频率高，影响安全使用的；

c）遭受水浸、火灾、雷击、地震等灾害影响的；

d）政府或者使用单位委托的；

e）其他需要开展安全评估的情形。

4.2本文件所规定的安全评估不涉及在用大型游乐设施的寿命预测。

5评估机构

5.1资质

从事大型游乐设施安全评估工作的机构（以下简称评估机构）应是独立的具有大型游乐设施检验检

测或型式试验资质的第三方检验检测机构。

5.2人员

5.2.1从事大型游乐设施安全评估工作的评估人员应符合的要求：

a）具备大型游乐设施相关的专业知识（如机械、电气、材料、控制、液压、气动、土建、无损

检测等），熟悉大型游乐设施相关技术标准和安全技术规范；

b）具有三年及以上与大型游乐设施检验检测或相关专业技术工作的经历。

5.2.2评估机构应组成评估小组。评估小组应由两名及以上符合上述条件的人员组成。评估小组组长

应具有相关专业高级技术职称或大型游乐设施检验师及以上资格。

5.2.3评估小组组长基本要求：

a）熟悉大型游乐设施的技术要求和相关法规标准；

b）掌握大型游乐设施安全评估程序和流程；

c）具有保障安全评估公正实施的组织能力；

d）当评估意见不能达成一致时具有仲裁能力。

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DB43/T2837.1—2023

5.3设备

评估机构应当配备能够满足评估需求的仪器设备、计量器具和工具，使用的仪器设备的测量范围和

精度应当满足要求。

5.4制度

5.4.1评估机构应当按照相关法律、法规和本标准的要求制定包括评估程序、评估内容和评估方法在

内的安全评估作业指导文件，在本机构正式发布并实施。

5.4.2评估机构的作业指导文件中的评估项目不应少于本文件附录B和DB43/T2837.2—2023～

DB43/T2837.8—2023附录A的内容，评估机构可根据设备特点增加评估项目和内容。

5.4.3评估机构应当建立制度对安全评估质量实施控制，并对安全评估结果的真实性、公正性负责。

6评估程序

6.1程序图

安全评估的程序如图1所示。

图1安全评估程序

6.2受理

大型游乐设施安全评估委托方应向评估机构提出书面申请，评估机构按照相关规定做出是否受理评

估委托的决定，并以书面形式告知委托方。

6.3前期准备

6.3.1评估机构在大型游乐设施安全评估前，应充分了解委托方的评估需求和评估设备的基本情况，

应与委托方协商并书面确认评估日期、评估内容和范围。评估内容可包括评估机构作业指导文件的评估

项目中至少一个或多个内容，但不限于作业指导文件的评估项目，也可依据作业指导文件根据实际情况

适当增加评估项目。

6.3.2评估机构成立应由两名及以上评估人员组成的评估小组，任命评估组长。评估小组根据确定的

评估内容，参照评估机构的作业指导文件准备相应的现场评估记录及仪器设备。

6.3.3委托方应配合安全评估机构的工作，提供所需的相关资料、配合人员及作业条件。

6.4现场评估

6.4.1评估小组应查阅评估设备的相关资料，充分了解评估设备的制造、安装、改造、修理、使用等

情况，依据评估机构的作业指导文件和安全评估记录，现场开展设备本体和使用管理