LS 1206-2005 粮食仓库安全操作规程

ICS65.040.20

B20

备案号:16291-2005LS

中华人民共和国粮食行业标准

LS1206-2005

粮食仓库安全操作规程

Safeoperationregulationsforgrainstoragefacility

2005-07-19发布2005-09-01实施

国家粮食局发布

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目次

前言························，···················································································……皿

1范围··············································································································……1

2规范性引用文件······，·························································.··.·········……1

3安全生产的一般要求，，·························································，，，·······……卜··.·.……2

3.1组织体系····。·············，，·····················，····························，，······························一·2

3.2规章制度1·。·····，···，···············，·············4··。·‘····，，····················，，一2

3.3一般原则.··························，，························································……2

4粮食人仓········································································································……3

4.1准备工作.·价············································……3

4.2操作和管理··································································································，……4

5粮食出仓···········‘···，································，，，·····················································……5

51准备工作·‘···························。‘·。‘，，，，，，，，，，，，·································‘·，…5

5.2操作和管理········，，，·············································……，…，，...············“·……，，…5

6储粮机械通风··························································，··········.···················……，，，，.…7

6.1准备工作············································，·······················································……7

6.2操作和管理·······························································································.·.……7

7储粮熏蒸··············································，························································……8

7.1准备工作··············，，，·················‘····································，，，····························一·8

7.2操作和管理。1‘·····，··，··，，········11·······················1‘····‘·······8

8粮情测控系统·········，，··················································……，，..…，···········.·……9

8.1准备工作···································································································，·……9

8.2操作和管理·································································，·································……10

8.3维护和维修··········，·····························，··························································……10

9机械设备操作和维护·······························，····，········，··········……，卜……n

9.1一般要求······································，，，，，···············，·，···················，，，，，，11

9.2斗式提升机···········，·························································，··…，，..·················.·……11

9.3气垫带式输送机········，·····················‘························……，·······················……，..…12

9.4刮板输送机········‘··············································，·········································……13

9.5托辊带式输送机························································，··……，.·.·················.·..……14

9.6圆筒初清筛···········，················……“·······························································，，·…15

9.7自衡振动筛···········，····，，······················，···，，，，······，··················，·························，，一16

9.8扒粮机······················11····1‘‘···，，，··，，，··············1‘1111···，，，，，16

9.9磁选设备··················，······················，，······················································，，一16

9.10袋式除尘器·······‘···········································，············································……17

9.11离心通风机································································································……17

9.12闸阀门··············，··························································，····························……17

9.13清仓机···········。·，···，，···························，，···················································，，，，，，18

9.14电子散料秤。····。·，·，，·，，·····················，，，，，···········································。······，，，，，·18

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9.15电子汽车衡···················································，··········································……18

9.16液压翻板··········，························································································……19

9.17谷物冷却机·······························································································……19

9.18称重打包机···································································，·······，···················……19

9.19移动式吸粮机································，·······，···············，··································……19

9.20电动葫芦·······························································································……20

9.21装车溜管···············································，················，······，··························……20

9.22管网系统············，······················································································，··…20

10电气与自控系统.·21

10.1准备工作················································································，··················……21

10.2操作和管理·············································，················，·································……22

10.3维护和维修······································，·······，······················，··························……23

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"1i舀

本标准系首次发布的规范粮食仓库安全操作的行业标准。

本标准由国家粮食局提出。

本标准由全国粮油标准化技术委员会归口。

本标准负责起草单位:国家粮食局科学研究院。

本标准参加起草单位:国贸工程设计院、北京国贸格瑞粮油工程技术有限公司。

本标准主要起草人:刘继辉、郑沫利、杜连鹏、杜军、贾秀琴、李东方、赫振方、王钮、吴少堂。

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粮食仓库安全操作规程

范围

本标准确立了粮食仓库安全操作和管理的一般原则。

本标准适用于浅圆仓、立筒仓、砖圆仓和平房仓四种仓型的粮食仓库。

规范性引用文件

下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有

的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准，然而，鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究

是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本标准。

GB3787手持式电动工具的管理、使用、检查和维修安全技术规程

GB4387工业企业厂内铁路、道路运输安全规程

GB/T5972起重机械用钢丝绳检验和报废实用规范

GB9089.5户外严酷条件下电气装置操作要求

GB13960(所有部分)可移式电动工具的安全

GB1744。粮食加工、储运系统粉尘防爆安全规程

JJG539数字指示秤检定规程

JJG648非连续累计自动衡器检定规程

LS/T1201-2002磷化氢环流熏蒸技术规程

LS/T1202储粮机械通风技术规程

LS/T1203粮情测控系统

LS/T1204谷物冷却机低温储粮技术规程

LS/T3503圆筒初清筛

LS/T3505自衡振动筛

LS/T3514粮食斗式提升机

LS/T3515粮食带式输送机

LS/T3529刮板输送机

SBJ10粮食立筒库设计规范

粮油储藏技术规范(试行)中华人民共和国商业部(87)商储(粮)字第7号

国家粮油仓库管理办法中华人民共和国商业部(87)商储(粮)字第12号

国家粮油仓库仓储设施管理试行办法中华人民共和国商业部(92)商储(粮)字第211号

中央直属储备粮库新仓初始装粮压仓的暂行规定国家粮食储备局国粮仓储[1999]207号

粮油储存品质判定规则国家粮食局、国家质量技术监督局国粮发[2000]143号

稻谷储存品质判定规则国家发展和改革委员会、国家粮食局、国家标准化管理委员会国粮发

[2004]43号

玉米储存品质判定规则国家发展和改革委员会、国家粮食局、国家标准化管理委员会国粮发

[2004]43号

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3安全生产的一般要求

3.1组织体系

3.1.1制定粮食仓库安全生产目标，并对目标进行分解。

3.1.2建立、健全安全生产组织体系。

3.1.3建立安全生产的信息传递流程，保证及时、准确地下达有关安全生产的指令和传递生产作业过

程中安全生产的信息，使各种作业过程、工作环节和工作人员均处于受控状态。

3.1.4建立、健全各级人员安全生产责任制，定期进行安全检查、总结和评估。

3.2规章制度

3.2.1应根据粮食仓库安全生产的特点，依据国家、地方和行业有关安全生产的法律、法规、规定、标

准、规范和规程，建立、健全有关安全生产的各项规章制度。

3.2.2一般应建立(但不限于)以下安全生产的规章制度:

a)安全生产管理工作制度;

b)安全防火制度;

c)安全防汛制度;

d)安全保卫制度;

e)安全用电制度;

f)各工种岗位安全责任制度;

9)生产作业人员上岗制度;

h)交接班工作制度;

诊粮食检化验工作制度;

J)有毒有害药品保管和领用制度;

k)储粮防护剂安全使用制度;

1)高处作业安全制度;

m)库内运输安全作业制度;

n)粮食人仓安全作业制度;

0)粮食平仓安全作业制度;

p)粮食出仓安全作业制度;

4)粮食清仓安全作业制度;

r)粮情检查安全作业制度;

S)粮食通风安全作业制度;

t)粮食熏蒸安全作业制度;

u)机电设备安全维护维修制度。

3.3一般原则

3.3.，各种生产作业应坚持安全第一、预防为主的方针

3.3.2对作业人员应进行有关安全生产方面的培训，考试合格方可上岗作业。

3.3.3特种作业人员应经过专门培训，考试合格并获得有关部门颁发的特种作业操作证书后，方可进

行特种作业。特种作业一般包括:电工作业，锅炉司炉和压力容器作业，起重机械作业，金属焊接(含气

割)作业，登高架设作业，库区内机动车辆驾驶作业，粮食熏蒸作业等。学徒工必须办理学习证，在监护

人的指导下操作，严禁无证作业。

3.3.4从事有职业危害作业的人员，应定期进行健康检查。

3.3.5作业人员应熟悉工艺流程，仔细阅读设备使用说明书或用户手册，熟悉设备的构造、原理、性能

和使用方法，掌握设备的操作和维修保养要求。熟悉本工种的安全操作规程和安全生产制度，不违章作

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业，有权拒绝违章作业的指令，并有责任制止他人违章作业。

3.3.6在进行生产作业前，部门负责人或班组负责人应根据生产任务，结合安全技术措施内容和作业

环境、设施、设备安全状况及人员技术素质、安全知识、自我保护意识以及思想状态，对所管辖的作业人

员，提出具体注意事项。并跟踪落实，做好记录。

3.3.7作业人员应坚守作业岗位。未经许可，不得从事非本工种作业。严禁酒后作业

3.3.8非操作人员未经批准不得进人生产作业区域。

3.3.9作业人员应按要求佩戴和使用劳动防护用品，佩带名签。严禁赤脚、穿拖鞋、穿高跟鞋进人生产

作业现场。

3.3.10生产作业现场的各种安全设施、设备、警告标志和安全标志等应完整齐全、清晰有效，未经批准

不得拆除和挪动。

3.3.11高处(>2m)作业时，必须采取安全防护措施。不得向下投掷物品。

3.3.12班组长和班组专(兼)职安全员在作业前应对作业环境、设施、设备进行认真检查，发现不安全

隐患，立即排除;重大隐患，应及时报告;严禁带隐患作业。作业过程中应巡视检查，随时纠正违章行为，

消除新的不安全隐患。作业结束后应清理现场，切断电源。

3.3.13生产作业过程中出现险情时，应立即停止作业，采取适当措施，尽量减小险情范围和损失程度，

并及时报告本单位负责人。

3.3.14生产作业过程中发生安全事故，事故现场有关负责人应立即报告本单位负责人单位负责人

接到事故报告后，应迅速采取有效措施，组织抢救，防止事故扩大，减少人员伤亡和财产损失，并按国家

有关规定立即如实报告当地负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门，不得隐瞒不报、谎报或者拖延不报，不

得故意破坏事故现场、毁灭有关证据

3.3.15作业人员应遵守有关消防方面的法规、规定和制度，熟悉消防知识，掌握消防器具的使用方法，

并能熟练操作。

3.3.16库区内严禁烟火。作业中需要用火(如气割、电焊等作业)，应向本单位安全部门申请办理用火

证，并派专人监管。

3.3.17生产作业过程中，作业人员应按GB1744。的要求操作，防止粉尘爆炸。

3.3.18粮食仓库的管理应按《国家粮油仓库管理办法)}(商业部(87)商储(粮)字第12号)执行。

3.3.19仓储设施管理应按《国家粮油仓库仓储设施管理试行办法》(商业部(92)商储(粮)字第211号)

执行。

4粮食入仓

4.1准备工作

4.1.1做好生产操作人员和检化验人员的组织和定岗工作。

4.1.2根据接收粮食的运输方式、品种和数量，制定接收方案。不同品种、不同等级、不同品质的粮食

应分仓储存。

4.1.3制定接收方案时，还应考虑立筒仓群和砖圆仓群荷载的均衡，避免仓群长期偏载。

4.1.4根据接收粮食的品种和数量，制定检化验方案

4.1.5检查粮食仓库:

a)仓底和仓壁未经干燥或受潮、仓顶防水及隔热失效均不得装粮;

b)通风口、门、窗、进人口、进出粮口等应能良好密闭，打开自然通风口;

c)壁挂式爬梯应牢固可靠。

4.1.6检查生产作业线上的设备，应使其处于正常状态。其中:

a)清理筛筛孔的大小应适合接收粮食的品种，并保证筛孔畅通;

b)计量设备应符合有关技术标准;

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c)设备的进口、出口及溜管、灰杂管、风网管道等应畅通;

d)仓下设有闸门的，闸门应处于关闭状态。

4.1.7检查通风系统，该系统应符合LS/T1202的有关要求;通风盖板或地上笼安装应牢固，应确保

装粮后通风道内不漏人粮食。

4.1.8检查粮情测控系统，该系统应符合LS/T1203的有关要求，并确保测温传感器的有效性。

4.1.9检查磷化氢环流熏蒸系统，该系统应符合工_S/T1201-2002的有关要求。

4.1.10装粮前的清扫工作:

a)清除仓内和设备的灰尘、杂物、残留粮粒;

b)卸粮坑及其周围的场地应清扫干净;

c)应清扫仓外移动设备作业场地;

d)应清扫附着在地面、墙体、坑道等表面上的粉尘。

4.1.11应将移动式设备安全移动到工作点。设备移动过程中应保持平稳，操作人员必须时刻注意自

身、四周人员和设施的安全。放置移动式设备时，场地应平整结实，就位后应将设备固定，防止移动、

倾倒。

4.1.12检查灰仓、灰箱、灰房内的堆积情况。如影响生产，应立即清除。

4.1.13准备好生产需用的备品及工具。

4.1.14新仓初始装粮压仓应按《中央直属储备粮库新仓初始装粮压仓的暂行规定))(国粮仓储「1999]

207号)的有关规定执行，立筒仓和砖圆仓还应按Ss]10的有关规定执行。

4.2操作和管理

4.2.1库区内铁路、道路运输应按GB4387的有关规定执行

4.2.2站台上包粮应在安全线外按要求码放整齐、稳固。平房仓内包粮垛应码放整齐、稳固，表面平整

无凹陷，并避免围柱或靠墙码垛。

4.2.3检化验人员按粮食接收检化验方案进行质量检验，人仓粮食质量应满足以下要求:

a)人仓粮食的水分应严格控制在储粮安全水分范围内;

b)人仓粮食杂质含量应镇1%;

c)发热粮、霉变粮、虫粮或不符合粮食卫生指标的粮食不得人仓;

d)长期储存的小麦、大豆品质应符合《粮油储存品质判定规则》(国粮发[2000]143号)中“宜存”

指标的规定;长期储存的稻谷、玉米品质应符合稻《谷储存品质判定规则》、玉《米储存品质判定

规则))(国粮发[2004]43号)中“宜存”指标的规定

4.2.4应严格按照程序启动和停止设备，设备开、停车应遵循以下规定:

a)应首先启动封闭工作空间的排风设备，保证通风良好。所有设备均停车后方可关闭排风设备;

b)除尘系统应在设备启动前5min启动，先开集尘器，再开除尘风机;除尘系统应在停止作业后

10min停车，先关除尘风机，再关集尘器;

c)作业线上的设备应按与粮食流向相反的方向依次启动;设备停车顺序与开车顺序相反。相邻

设备的启动、停止应有一定的时间间隔。停车时，应先将设备内的粮食排空，再按顺序关停

设备。

4.2.5作业线上的设备全部启动后，应经空载运行，查看设备运转是否正常，如有异常，应停车检修。

空载运行正常后方可进粮

4.2.6作业线中各种设备的额定产量不平衡时，应以最小额定产量确定作业线的产量。

4.2.7进粮时，初始流量宜控制在额定产量的50%左右，待粮流到达作业线的终点，并且作业线运转

正常后，再逐渐加大流量，达到额定产量。

4.2.8对于立筒仓和砖圆仓，粮食人仓时，严禁人员进人仓内;且仓内空气应能顺利排出，避免仓内形

成过大的正压