GB/T 44337-2024 海平面变化观测与影响评价

ICS07.060

CCSA45

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T44337—2024

海平面变化观测与影响评价

Sealevelchangeobservationandimpactassessment

2024⁃08⁃23发布2025⁃03⁃01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T44337—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4海平面变化观测········································································································1

5数据收集与分析········································································································2

6海平面变化可能影响评估····························································································3

7海平面上升风险评价··································································································4

8成果及应用··············································································································5

附录A（资料性）考虑沿海堤防防护的海平面上升可能影响范围评估计算方法···························6

附录B（资料性）海平面上升风险评价指标体系··································································8

附录C（资料性）指标权重计算方法················································································10

附录D（规范性）海平面上升风险评价模型·······································································14

附录E（规范性）海平面变化影响评价报告框架和格式要求··················································16

参考文献····················································································································17

Ⅰ

GB/T44337—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中华人民共和国自然资源部提出。

本文件由全国海洋标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC283）归口。

本文件起草单位：国家海洋信息中心、国家海洋标准计量中心。

本文件主要起草人：李响、王慧、汤海荣、董军兴、许莉莉、李文善、张建立、潘嵩、张文娜、范文静、

金波文。

Ⅲ

GB/T44337—2024

海平面变化观测与影响评价

1范围

本文件规定了海平面变化观测和影响评价的主要技术和方法及成果应用等内容。

本文件适用于沿海地区的海平面变化现场观测和海平面变化可能影响的评估、风险评价等工作。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

GB/T12897国家一、二等水准测量规范

GB/T14914.1—2018海洋观测规范第1部分：总则

GB/T14914.2—2019海洋观测规范第2部分：海滨观测

GB/T15920海洋学术语物理海洋学

GB/T21010—2017土地利用现状分类

GB22021国家大地测量基本技术规定

GB/T23694风险管理术语

GB/T26376自然灾害管理基本术语

HY/T180基准潮位核定技术指南

HY/T0315—2021海洋观测延时资料质量控制审核技术规范

3术语和定义

GB/T15920、GB/T23694和GB/T26376界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

海平面sealevel

消除各种扰动后海面的平均高度。

3.2

海平面变化观测sealevelchangeobservation

在岸边或海上设施设立观测站点对潮位进行的长期、连续、稳定观测，通过计算一段时间内的观测

潮位的平均值得到海平面变化数据。

4海平面变化观测

4.1观测站点

海平面变化观测站点应选择在与外海通畅、水流平稳、不易淤积、波浪影响较小的海域，应避开冲

刷严重、易坍塌的海岸；在当地理论最低潮位时，水深应大于1m。在极端事件高发区、经济发达、人口

密集的沿海地区适当加密海平面观测站点。

1