GB/T 33290.26-2024 文物出境审核规范 第26部分：壁画

ICS

97.195

CCS

Y88

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T33290.26—2024

文物出境审核规范

第26部分：壁画

Specificationforinspectingexitculturalrelics—

Part26：Mural

2024-09-29发布2025-04-01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T33290.26—2024

目次

前言

Ⅲ

·····································································································

引言

Ⅳ

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1

范围

1

··································································································

2

规范性引用文件

1

······················································································

3

术语和定义

1

···························································································

4

审核程序

1

······························································································

5

类别判定

1

······························································································

5.1

判定要求

1

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5.2

信息记录

2

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6

年代判定

2

······························································································

6.1

范围界定

2

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6.2

风格分析

2

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6.3

题记分析

2

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6.4

状态分析

2

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6.5

综合评判

2

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6.6

信息记录

2

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7

名单比对

2

······························································································

7.1

范围界定

2

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7.2

作者判定

2

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7.3

名单核查

3

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7.4

名家代表作分析

3

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7.5

信息记录

3

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8

价值评定

3

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8.1

范围界定

3

·························································································

8.2

历史价值评定

3

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8.3

艺术价值评定

3

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8.4

科学价值评定

4

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8.5

综合评定

4

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8.6

信息记录

4

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9

审核结论形成

4

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参考文献

5

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Ⅰ

GB/T33290.26—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件是GB/T33290《文物出境审核规范》的第26部分。GB/T33290已经发布了以下部分：

—第1部分：总则；

—第2部分：度量衡；

—第3部分：法器；

—第4部分：仪器；

—第5部分：仪仗；

—第6部分：家具；

—第7部分：织绣；

—第8部分：陶瓷；

—第9部分：生产工具；

—第10部分：金属器；

—第11部分：明器；

—第12部分：钟表；

—第13部分：兵器；

—第14部分：漆器；

—第15部分：乐器；

—第16部分：笔墨纸砚；

—第17部分：烟壶和扇子；

—第18部分：少数民族服饰；

—第19部分：少数民族建筑物实物资料；

—第20部分：少数民族宗教祭祀和礼仪活动用品；

—第21部分：少数民族名人遗物；

—第22部分：玉石器；

—第23部分：玻璃器；

—第24部分：珐琅器；

—第25部分：中国画及书法；

—第26部分：壁画；

—第27部分：油画、水彩画、水粉画；

—第28部分：佩饰；

—第29部分：车具马具；

—第30部分：车船舆轿；

—第31部分：首饰。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由国家文物局提出。

本文件由全国文物保护标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC289）归口。

本文件起草单位：安徽博物院（安徽省文物鉴定站）、北京市文物进出境鉴定所、浙江省文物鉴定

站（国家文物进出境审核浙江管理处）。

本文件主要起草人：周锦、季永、王蓉、高奥、昌辉辉、顾斌、金志斌、万文君、丁霏、姜曲怡、

汪映雪、陈嘉轩。

Ⅲ

GB/T33290.26—2024

引言

文物进出境审核是我国加强文物保护、防止珍贵文物流失的重要举措。为此，中华人民共和国文化

和旅游部、国家文物局先后发布了《文物进出境审核管理办法》和《文物出境审核标准》等规定，为文

物出境审核工作的开展提供了基本依据。为确保这些管理规定的实施效果，提升文物出境审核工作的规

范性和工作效率，国家文物局提出并组织制定了GB/T33290《文物出境审核规范》。GB/T33290旨

在确立文物出境审核的总体原则，规定文物出境审核程序、内容及审核文件等的技术要求，拟由56个

部分构成。

—第1部分：总则。目的在于确立各类文物出境审核需要遵守的总体原则。

—第2部分～第56部分：度量衡，法器，仪器，仪仗，家具，织绣，陶瓷，生产工具，金属器，

明器，钟表，兵器，漆器，乐器，笔墨纸砚，烟壶和扇子，少数民族服饰，少数民族建筑物实

物资料，少数民族宗教祭祀和礼仪活动用品，少数民族名人遗物，玉石器，玻璃器，珐琅器，

中国画及书法，壁画，油画、水彩画、水粉画，佩饰，车具马具，车船舆轿，首饰，古猿化

石、古人类化石以及与人类活动有关的第四纪古脊椎动物化石，建筑实物资料（建筑模型、图

样，建筑物装修、构件），碑帖、拓片，雕塑，甲骨，玺印、封泥，符契、勋章、奖章、纪念

章，碑刻，版片，竹简、木简，书札、手稿，书籍、图籍，文献档案，古钱币、古钞，近现代

机制币、近现代钞票，钱范、钞版、钱币设计图稿，鞋帽、服装，民俗用品（民间艺术作品、

生活及文娱用品），笔墨纸砚外的其他文具，戏剧曲艺用品，木雕、牙角器、藤竹器，火画、

玻璃油画、铁画，邮票、邮品，少数民族生产工具、民俗生活用品，少数民族工艺品、文献、

书画、碑帖、石刻。目的在于规定文物出境审核人员对各类文物出境审核的程序、内容及审核

结论的要求。

本文件是GB/T33290的第26部分，基于第1部分确立的总体原则，针对壁画类文物的特点，规定壁画

类文物出境审核的类别判定、年代判定、价值评定及审核结论的要求，并重点明确以风格、题记和状态等年

代判定特征分析对象，细化壁画类文物历史价值、艺术价值和科学价值评定内容，使壁画类文物出境审核的

程序和内容更明确并更契合工作实际，进一步提升审核过程的规范性和审核结论的科学性。

Ⅳ

GB/T33290.26—2024

文物出境审核规范

第26部分：壁画

1范围

本文件确立了壁画类文物出境审核程序，规定了类别判定、年代判定、名单比对、价值评定及审核

结论形成的要求，描述了相应的证实方法。

本文件适用于壁画类文物出境审核。

本文件不适用于文物临时进境复出境和文物临时出境审核。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

GB/T30237

古代壁画病害与图示

GB/T33290.1文物出境审核规范第1部分：总则

3术语和定义

GB/T33290.1和GB/T30237界定的术语和定义适用于本文件。

4审核程序

审核程序应符合GB/T33290.1的相关要求，并按下列程序进行壁画文物的出境审核：

a）类别判定；

b）年代判定；

c）名单比对；

d）价值评定；

e）审核结论形成。

5类别判定

5.1判定要求

5.1.1应查阅携运人或申请人提交的申请材料，核对实物，根据形制、内容等特征，判定申报出境物品

类别。如果属于壁画类，则应按照本文件的规定审核。

5.1.2如果属于宫殿、庙宇、石窟、墓葬中的壁画等，则应按照要求进行年代判定（第6章）和价值评

定（第8章）。

5.1.3如果属于近现代壁画的原稿、设计方案及图稿，则应按照要求进行名单比对（第7章）和价值评

定（第8章）。

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